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以下内容是2020年大学英四级试题答案解析,供各位考生参考!新东方网四六级频道第一时间更新公布英语四六级真题答案。同时广大考生还可随时@新东方网四六级微博,与线上老师以及考生随时互动答疑,敬请广大考生密切关注2020年9月英语四六级真题解析专题。
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四级听力第一套听力解析
本次大学四级听力试题难度始终,大部分题目仍然遵守所听既所得的原则。新闻考察的内容包括为第一篇是环保篇,为船舶交通所导致的大气污染问题;第二篇员工权益篇,探讨了超市员工人身安全在安保撤出后所面临的困境;第三篇是生活趣事,讲述了一起巧克力货车侧翻的原因和后续。长对话第一篇在消费主义的背景下富有思辨性,且紧贴电子支付的时代热点;第二篇是常规的售后服务类话题。短文内容为日常生活类(家居收纳)、好人好事类和现代技术类。
Section A
News Report 1
第一篇新闻报道讲的是船运所导致的大气污染问题,属于环保类话题。文章难度适中,没有专业性很强的名词。新闻的第一句话为新闻导语,简洁概括了新闻主旨,“pollution from ships”点明了本段听力的核心词,并为引出第1题的答案作了铺垫。本题难点在于学生能否识别出“are signs of ship traffic blow”是“are results of ship traffic blow”的同义替换,找出隐含的因果关系,并结合上一句的Atlantic选出正确选项。第2题考查NASA工作人员的观点,原文中有“according to NASA officials”作为明显定位词,所听既所得。但小心这类引用某人说的话时,一般先出说话内容再点明说话人,学生可能会只听到说话人是谁,而忽视前面他所说的内容。
原文:
A NASA satellite orbiting over Portugal took photographs that reveal the effects of pollution from ships. One of the photos shows the thin film of clouds above the brilliant blue of North Atlantic cut by white lines of thicker clouds that look like scars. [1] NASA officials explained those thicker clouds are signs of ship traffic blow. when ships power their ways through the ocean, they pump exhausts into the atmosphere, just as cars do. And those massive amounts of particles can cause clouds to form. Get enough of those particles in one place, as from the exhausts of the ship, and they can lead to the creation of new clouds easily visible from space, these clouds can be huge. Some of them stretch hundreds of kilometers from end to end, NASA officials said. [2] It’s likely that these sorts of clouds are having some effect over global climate, according to NASA officials. But scientists are not yet sure what effects it has.
Q1: What has caused the figure clouds in a photo taken by a NASA satellite?
Q2: What do NASA officials think about the figure clouds?
News Report 2
第二篇新闻报道聚焦于超市员工的人身安全问题。针对郊区超市撤离了安保这件事,超市员工和雇主之间各执一词。第3题通过选项清一色的“to do”结构,可以对题目进行预测,应该是询问目的类的信息。听力时,把握“to do sth. /for sth.”等用于表目的的关键词即可。第4题询问超市发言人(即雇主方)的说法,注意捕捉题干关键词“spokesman”,以及重要的转折词“however”后面常常是答案出现处。本篇总体难度为3篇新闻中最小的,做第4题时注意明确选项代词it指代的对象。
原文:
Staff at a suburban supermarket in Melbourne say they feel unsafe at work after security guards were removed. This came after a series of physical attacks and verbal abuse by customers. [3] More than 50 workers at the store have signed a letter calling for a permanent security guard following a series of incidents, including a customer threatening to attack a supervisor with a knife. "A security worker had guarded the store each night from 7pm until 12am, but that had stopped suddenly on Monday,” employees said. One worker said an angry customer had thrown a chicken at his head after complaining about how long she had waited to be served. Another worker said the lack of protection at the store made her feel uncomfortable at work. [4] However, the spokesman of the supermarket said the store had taken strong action in response to incidents, "We have found very few instances of bad customer behavior at our store in the past year. In the rare cases, we have seen bad behavior, we have taken strong action in response, including banning a customer from the store."
Q3: For what purpose, did the staff at the supermarket in Melbourne sign a letter?
Q4: What did the spokesman of the supermarket say, regarding the employees' demand?
News Report 3
第三篇新闻报道是关于一起发生在波兰华沙的交通事故。由于该事故是由一辆装载巧克力浓浆的货车侧翻引起的,因此内容上会比较有趣味性,听起来不太枯燥。第5题的答案出现在开头首句的导语部分,“drivers、Warsaw、find”这3个题干关键词均在原文重现,答案项的“road、blocked”也没有改写。较之于考查同义替换的题目,难度较小。第6题这种“what do xx say about…”类的题目是典型的细节题,延续了上一题的风格,同样没有任何改写,捕捉到“barrier”和“overturned”两个关键词即可选出正确答案。本篇报道的难点在于答案句出现的位置过于集中,第5题的答案出现之后,紧接着就是第6题的答案,没有给考生一丝喘息的机会,可能会错过。若错过,可运用排除法,结合下文删去其他三个有悖于原文的选项。
原文:
[5] Drivers on their way to the Polish capital of Warsaw on Wednesday morning found the road blocked by an unusual obstacle, tons of liquid chocolate that spilled onto the motorway. [6] A track carrying the sweet load hit a road barrier and overturned, blocking two lames. The cracked tank spilled a pool of rapidly hardening chocolate which quickly covered the width of the road. While the drives was taken to hospital with the broken arm, firefighters struggled to remove a reported 12 tons of solid chocolate from the road. A representative for the firefighters told the local TV that removing the chocolate was worse than dealing with snow. After contacting the chocolate manufacturer, the firefighter resorted to spraying hot, pressurized ice water to get rid of the sticky substance. The local TV also noted that the clean-up spanned more than a mile because drivers simply drove through the chocolate after the crash, leaving a long chocolate trail. But despite the sticky situation, firefighters and police attending to the clean-up were reportedly cheerful about the long task ahead. After all, who could be mad about 12 tons of chocolate?
Q5: What do the drivers on the motorway of Warsaw find?
Q6: What does the reporter say about the accident?
Question 7: What does the firefighters representative tell the local TV?
Section B
Conversation 1
本段长对话紧跟社会热点,探讨了当下热门的移动支付和传统的现金支付对人们消费习惯的影响。第8题考查女士行为的原因,原文中出现了“go back to cash”的题干关键词后,紧接着女士就对自己的行为作出解释。第9题需要考生意识到“use apps for payment”即对应着原文的“tap the approve buttons on our phones”,此处使用了一个比较难的同义替换。第10题的同义替换方式较为简单,为“tendency”和“tend to”在词性上的转换,识别难度较第9题小。第11题答案句的“the same approach”暗示男士把信用卡支付导致的过度消费与电子支付进行类比,从而锁定正确项“excessive spending”。
原文:
Man: Lisa, why did you pay for you meal with cash instead of the payment apps on your phone?
Woman: Well, I’ve gone back to cash. I’m only using payment apps if that’s the only option. [8] I’m trying to save money for a new phone, and I find that using cash rather than payment apps helps me to save.
Man: But how? Money is money, isn’t it? I don’t think it matters whether you take it out to the bank and put it into wallet, or simply transfer from your bank account to the sellers’ bank account using an app.
Woman: No, I believe it does matter. It’s a psychological phenomenon. [9] I believe we have less connection with a value of our money, when we just tap the approve buttons on our phones.
Man: You might have a point, since I stop carrying cash around, and start to using my phone apps to pay, [10] I may have developed a tendency to buy more small or non-essential items.
Woman: That’s highly possible, think about the amount of time we spend with our phones in our hands, and all the things we do with our phones. It sometimes seems that our phone is buying the product for us, not ourselves.
Man: So, cash is the payment affects our ability to budget?
Woman: I believe so. If we spend a hundred Yuan in cash, we realize that we don’t have that hundred Yuan to spend on something else. But if we spend in electronically, we’re less likely to make that mental calculation.
Man: [11] I stopped using my credit card because I’m fond of spending excessively. Perhaps I should take the same approach of paying using my phone.
Woman: It’s worth considering.
Q8: Why did the woman decide to go back to cash for payment?
Q9: what happens when people use apps for payment according to the woman?
Q10: what might the man tend to buy with payment apps?
Q11: what does the man think of electronic payment?
Conversation 2
本段长对话是关于消费者与商家就售后服务退换货进行协商。第12题考查原因,即男士为什么要打电话。这是引发整个长对话的因素,一般在较前面的部分就给出。易错点在于学生听到女士“wooden table”的说法可能会下意识觉得选项“wooden furniture”是答案,注意后面男士给予了否定回答。由于本篇主要以问答的形式展开,且13-15题皆考查的是女士的说法,因此重点听询问者,也就是本篇中的女士给出答案。其中第14题由于答案句夹在女士所说的一长段话中间,因此需要考生保持专注,迅速反应,有一定难度。
原文:
W: Hello Mr. Brown. I was expecting your call. My secretary told me you were having some problems with the wooden table, is that right?
M: No, no, the table is fine. The problem is the chairs.
W: Oh, the chairs, so, what exactly is the issue?
M: Well, put simply, [12] these are not the chairs my wife and I selected in your store last week. There must be some confusion with our order.
W: Oh, I see. I’m looking through my files now. And I see that the delivery was this morning. Is that correct?
M: Yes.
W: [13] Do you mind describing the chairs that were delivered to your apartment, Mr. Brown?
M: Sure. These have a flat back with a round top and very heavy. They are light brown and look kind of cheap. The ones we ordered were dark brown to match the table.
W: Right. Of course. It says here you purchased the Arlington table and four Milano chairs. As you said. There must be some confusion with the order. I’m terribly sorry. [14] We’ll send a van to collect those four and replace them with the Milano you purchased. Will tomorrow 9 a.m. be ok Mr. Brown?
M: Yes. That would be great. Thank you.
W: Good. Did everything else you ordered from us arrive ok?
M: Yes. I think so. Let me check. The mirror and two paintings are here. The two coffee tables are also here. And the sofa. Yes. We haven’t noticed anything else wrong or missing. But if we do, we’ll certainly let you know.
W: OK. Great. Once again. [15] I’m sorry for the confusion and trouble caused.
Q12: Why did the man call the woman?
Q13: What did the woman ask the man to do?
Q14: What did the woman promise to do for the man?
Q15: What did the woman do at the end of the conversation?
Section C
Passage 1
第一篇短文同样也紧贴社会热点,借助一台“家居收纳”类的电视节目讲述了令现代人头疼的“断舍离”问题。文章难度适中,答案分布区间也比较合理。第16题的答案落在题干定位词Marie Kondo后的同位语上,关键词是tidying up和home improvement,其他选项干扰性不大。第17题考查学生的词汇积累,要能够识别出spark joy等同于选项的make one happy。第 18题难度不大,同样也是donation和donated这样简单的词性类同义替换。
原文:
Do you have too much stuff? Are you dare we say it “untidy”? [16] Say hello to a TV show called “Tidying Up with Marie Kondo”, a home improvement show based on her widely popular book The Life Changing Magic of Tidying Up. In the show, Marie Kondo acts as a tiny garbage fairy for messy people, visiting their houses to share the wisdom of the "KonMari" method. This method is simple in theory but can be endlessly complex in practice. You divide all the stuff in your house – all of it – into several categories, and then examine each item -- all of them – [17] to see if it sparks joy. If it does, you keep it. If it doesn't, you thank it, and neatly discard it.
So, is the TV show inspiring people to tidy up? Firsthand accounts seem to indicate a small wave of people bringing piles of donation bags to used good stores. One store received thousands of bags of used possessions in one day. January is usually the store’s slow season for donations, because it's cold and people don't want to bother. But not this January. People seemed determined to clean up their homes. [18] One used bookstore received a month's worth of books in donations in a week when a man gave over 50 boxes of books from his home. It seems Marie’s TV show is having a big impact after all.
Q16. What is Maire Kondo’s TV show about?
Q17. What things can be kept in one’s home, according to Maire Kondo?
Q18. What do we learn about one used bookstore this January?
Passage 2
第二篇篇章讲的是一位男士的善举以及他在公众当中激起的反响。本篇难度不大,答案句的定位点也基本原文重现,注意区分题目问的是男士的做法还是人们的做法。第19题抓住关键词meals和homeless即可。第20题需要做一点推理,把influence others to spread positive actions和选项follow his example联系起来。第20题考生可能对原文handcraft不是很熟悉,但可以很容易联想到它与hand-made的关系,也比较容易定位。
原文:
At just twelve years old, Mike Hannon is making a difference in his community — one lunch at a time. “Mike’s Lunches of Love” has fed more than 2,000 of the town’s most vulnerable residents. [19] Mike delivers meals to the homeless. “It’s like a way to give people joy, maybe spark something in them that can change them,” Mike told WBZ-TV. The mayor of Mike’s town feels that Mike is a great community leader, especially in such times of so much negative news. While his father commented on how proud he was of his son, yet Mike isn’t looking for praise, but kindness in return. [20] He hopes his active charity will influence others to spread positive actions in their own towns. Mike includes a handwritten message of joy on each bag. His message and star power has spread all over the country. To date, his online page to raise funds has brought in more than 44,000 dollars and counting, raising more than 17,000 dollars in just one day, with the hope of many famous actors and others. [21] People from all over the county are sending special handcraft bags to help the young man with his mission to help those in need. Many are hoping the simple active kindness spreads. Mike is seemed as the hope for the future of the town, the country and the world.
Q19: What does Mike Hannon do to help people in his town?
Q20: What does Mike hope others will do?
Q21: How are people all over the country responding to what Mike is doing?
Passage 3
本篇文章通过一个心理学实验引出了作者对于现代科技对人们生活影响的关注。篇幅较长,且由于实验设置了两个组别,因此需要万分小心题目所询问的是first group还是second group。对于这种较易于混乱的信息,考生最好有边听边速记关键词的习惯,因为你无法预知题干会问哪一组,第23题就是如此。第24题询问的是实验的结论,因此答案靠后。听力中,考生应该关注类似于the most dramatic impact等表最高级、比较级的词语,这也是答案的常出现处。最后一题的答案,也遵循听力的重要技巧——转折词however等的出现处,也很可能是答案的落点。
原文:
In a recent study carried out by psychologists on the disruptive effects of smart phones, [22] two groups of college students were given word-search puzzles. The first group was told to complete the puzzles with its participants' smart phones in their line of sight. The second group, however, was told that the phones would interfere with the equipment in the experiment and would need be moved away from the testing area. Midway through the second group's solving of the puzzles, the experiment called one of the phones and let it ring for a while before hanging up. [23] Many of the students in that group were unable to focus from then on, becoming anxious and performing more poorly than the first group.
Use of electronics has also been known to lead to a decline in human interactions. Rather than having real-life conversations, many express emotions and engage in deep conversations through social media sites. Many students use their phones and computers during class for non-academic activities, which leads to poor grades. [24] Perhaps the most dramatic impact is the reduction in amount of sleep, which lead to poor health and weight gain.
Technology is a great tool. [25] However, it's important to recognize its downsides. Lack of sleep, reduction of productivity, and weight gain are only a few. If we are not careful about all these mind problems right now, the effect on the future generation is going to be much bigger.
Q22 What were the college students in both groups required to do in the study?
Q23 What do we learn about many of the students in the second test group after the phone ring?
Q24 According to the passage, what is the most dramatic impact of smart phone use?
Q25 What does the speaker suggest people do?
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2020年9月四级真题答案解析 | |
作文 | 2020年9月四级作文真题答案解析 |
听力 | 2020年9月四级听力试题答案解析 |
翻译 | 2020年9月四级翻译真题答案解析 |
阅读 | 2020年9月四级阅读真题答案解析 |
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