1.What's the matter?怎么啦?

　　相当于 What's wrong?或 Tell me what's wrong。这个句型通常用来询问发生了什么事。假如要特别提及某人，可以在后面加上介词with，如：

　　What's the matter with you?

　　你怎么啦?

　　What's the matter with Claire?

　　克莱尔怎么啦?

　　2.Mum，儿语中小孩子对母亲的称呼。

　　与此相似，dad是对父亲的儿语称呼。

　　3.There's = There is。

　　它表示“有”、“存在”，为 there + be结构的一般现在时缩略形式。

　　4.Two ice creams please.

　　请拿两份冰淇淋。

　　相当于 Give us two ice creams，please。请参见 Lessons 3-4课文注释。ice cream是物质名词。物质名词前加不定冠词 a或基数词表示一种、一份、一客、一类、一阵等。

　　语法 Grammar in use

　　1.there +be结构(1)

　　在说明或询问人、物等的存在时即可使用there +be结构。说There's an ice cream man比说An ice cream man is there更合乎习惯，也更为自然。there +be结构可将重要的新信息置于句末，以示强调。此结构中的实际主语是be后面的名词。因此，假如该名词是单数就用is，如是复数则为are。

　　2.人称代词与be

　　英文中系动词be(是)必须根据不同的人称代词作相应的变化。请参见Lessons15～16语法部分中有关be的一般现在时形式的内容，包括某些缩略形式，如：they are not =they aren't =they're not，we are not = we aren't =we're not。

　　词汇学习 Word study

　　1.thirsty adj. (1)渴的，口干的：

　　We're tired and thirsty. 我们又累又渴。

　　(2)(土地等)干旱的：

　　a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地

　　(3)渴望的，渴求的(for，after)：

　　The students there are thirsty for knowledge.

　　那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。

　　2.matter n. (1)事情，事件：

　　It's a private matter. 这是件私事。

　　He's not very interested in financial matters.

　　他对财政方面的事情并不太感兴趣。

　　(2)麻烦事，困难：

　　What's the matter, Anna? 怎么了，安娜?

　　What's the matter with Steven? 史蒂文是怎么回事?

　　练习答案 Key to written exercises

　　Lesson 20

　　A

　　1 Those children are tired.

　　2 Their mother is tired, too.

　　3 That ice cream man is very busy.

　　4 His ice creams are very nice.

　　5 What's the matter, children? We are thirsty.

　　6 What's the matter, Tim? I am tired.

　　B

　　1 Are the children tired or thirsty?

　　They're not tired. They're thirsty.

　　2 Are the postmen cold or hot?

　　They're not cold. They're hot.

　　3 Are the hairdressers thin or fat?

　　They're not thin. They're fat.

　　4 Are the shoes small or big?

　　They're not small. They're big.

　　5 Are the shops shut or open?

　　They're not shut. They're open.

　　6 Are his cases heavy or light?

　　They're not heavy. They're light.

　　7 Are grandmother and grandfather young or old?

　　They're not young. They're old.

　　8 Are their hats old or new?

　　They're not old. They're new.

　　9 Are the policemen short or tall?

　　They're not short. They're tall.

　　10 Are his trousers short or long?

　　They're not short. They're long.

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