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英语学习资料:新概念英语二册自学笔记精讲57

新东方网整理2015-07-09 10:54

  课文重难点 Further notes on the text

  1.The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.接待她的售货员不喜欢她的那副打扮。

  the way在这里表示"方式"、"样式",she was dressed为关系从句,修饰the way。dress表示"穿着"、"打扮"时常用被动语态:

  Why is your aunt dressed in black?你姑姑为什么穿黑色衣服?

  2.…he told her that the dress was sold.……告诉她那件衣服已经卖出去了。

  被动语态在这里含有动作已经完成的意忠,即表示目前的状态。

  3.She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.第2天上午,她又来到这家商店,穿了一件裘皮大衣,一只手拎着一只手提包,另一只手拿着一把长柄伞。

  dressed引导的过去分词短语作状语,表示伴随状态。它也可以变换位置,放在句首,其意义不变:Dressed in a fur coat, she returned…with带有两个宾语:handbag和unbrella。with引导的介词短语也作状语,表示伴随状态:

  He walked in the park with a dog behind him.他在公园里散步,身后跟了一条狗。

  4.After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. 找到那个无礼的售货员后,她还要看昨天的那件衣服。

  (1)现在分词结构代替时间状语从句后,保留了连词after。类似的情况如:

  Since phoning you this morning, I've changed my plans.自从今天早上给你打了电话以后,我已改变了计划。

  While trying to open the bottle, I cut my hand.在试图打开瓶子时,我划破了手。

  (2)seek out为固定短语,表示"找出"、"搜寻出":

  He sought out the thief in the crowd.他在人群中找出了那个小偷。

  Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him.快把他找出来。我想和他谈一谈。

  (3)ask for表示"要"、"要求":

  I asked for a cup of coffee, but you gave me a cup of tea.我要的是一杯咖啡,但你却给了我一杯茶。

  5.Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 那个售货员没有认出她是谁,这一回接待她的态度非常殷勤。

  (1)现在分词短语代替一个分句位于句首时,其否定形式是在它前面加上not, without或never等否定词。这些词有时可互换,有时则不可:

  Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief.他没有一丝犹豫便追赶那小偷。

  Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help.由于开不了门,我便向邻居求援。

  (2)像eager, glad, pleased, sorry等描述感觉的形容词作表语时后面往往跟不定式:

  They are all eager to come.他们都急于来。

  I'm pleased to work with you.我很高兴能与你一起工作。

  6.With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. 费了好大劲儿,他爬进橱窗去取那件衣服。

  with在这里表示行为方式:

  With care, she put the vase on the shelf.她小心翼翼地把花瓶放在架子上。

  He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.他很轻松地/费劲地举起那箱子。

  7.She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.她开心地迫使那位售货员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都拿了出来,最后才买下了她最先要看的那一件。

  (1)enjoy oneself doing sth.表示"从……中得到乐趣":

  He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.他让那条狗追逐乞丐,并从中取乐。

  (2)make后面的动词不定式不加to(cf.本课词汇学习)

  (3)代替时间状语从句的现在分词短语带有连词before。

  新概念英语第二册第57课语法知识点 Grammar in use

  用于表示地点和位置的介词和副词in, at和off;用于描写人的介词in和with

  在第9课的语法中,我们学习了引导时间状语的介词in, on, at, during, till和until;在第33课的语法中,我们学习了表示方向和目的地的介词和副词,如on, off, from, to, towards, in, into, out of, at, under, over等。

  (1)在表示地点和位置时,说话人的个人角度会影响对介词的选择。at通常用于表示居住地点和某个停留地点、工作地点等,而in则表示里面或包围的含义:

  I stopped at London on the way to New York.去纽约的途中我曾在伦敦停留。(伦敦是途中的一个点)

  I live in London.我住在伦敦。(伦敦"包围着"他)

  We met at the cinema this afternoon. He waited for me near the ticket office.我们今天下午在电影院见了面。他在售票处附近等我。

  We swam in the river while Jane sat in the car.我们在河里游泳时简坐在汽车里。

  (2)off常与动词连用,表示位置的变化,即"与……分离",可译为"脱掉"、"脱落"等,其反义词为on:

  The handle of my suitcase has come off.我手提箱的提手掉下来了。

  He took the cup off the shelf.他把杯子从架上拿了下来。

  (3)描写人时,in通常用于表示穿着,with则表示身上的某个具体特征或随身带着什么:

  Yesterday she was (dressed) in jeans. Today she is (dressed) in a fur coat.昨天她穿着牛仔裤。今天她穿了一件裘皮大衣。

  John looks very handsome in that uniform, doesn't he?约翰穿那套制服时看上去非常英俊,是不是?

  He looks handsome in anything!他穿任何衣服看上去都很英俊!

  The man with a beard over there is Sam.那边那个留着胡子的人是萨姆。

  The police say the woman they're looking for has a red handbag/red hair.警方说他们正在寻找的那位妇女有一个红色的手提包/一头红发。

  There's a woman with a red handbag/red hair over there!那边就有一位带着红色手提包/长着一头红发的妇女!

  A child came along with a brown dog.一位带着一条棕色的狗的小孩走了过来。

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