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　　Children learn almost nothing from television,and the more they watch the less they remember.They regard television purely as entertainment,resent programs that demand on them and are surprised that anybody should take the medium seriously.Far from being over-excited by programs,they are mildly bored with the whole thing.These are the main conclusions from a new study of children and television.The author-Cardiac Cullingford confirms that the modern child is a dedicated viewer.The study suggests that there is little point in the later hours.More than a third of the children regularly watch their favorite programs after 9 p.m.all 11-year-olds have watched programs after midnight.
　　Apart from the obvious waste of time involved,it seems that all this viewing has little effect.Children don't pay close attention,says Cullingford,and they can recall few details.They can remember exactly which programs they have seen but they can rarely explain the elements of a particular plot.Recall was in"reverse proportion to the amount they had watched".It is precisely because television,unlike a teacher,demands so little attention and response that children like it,argues Cullingford.Programs seeking to put over serious messages are strongly disliked.So are people who frequently talk on screen.What children like most,and remember best,are the advertisements.They see them as short programs in their own right and particularly enjoy humorous presentation.But again,they react strongly against high-pressure advertisements that attempt openly to influence them.
　　On the other hand,they are not emotionally involved in the programs.If they admire the stars,it is because the actors lead glamorous lives and earn a lot of money,not because of their fictional skills with fast cars and shooting villains.They are perfectly clear about the functions of advertisements;by the age of 12,only one in 10 children believes what even favorite ads say about the product.And says Cullingford,educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information.
　　练习：
　　1、"Recall was in reverse proportion to the amount they had watched"(in Paragraph 2.has almost the same meaning as
　　A."the more they watch the less they remember".(in Paragraph 1.
　　B."Programs seeking to put over serious messages are strongly disliked".(in Paragraph 2.
　　C."They see them as short programs in their own right".(in Paragraph 2.
　　D."educational television is probably least successful of all in imparting attitudes or information".(in Paragraph 3.
　　参考答案：A
　　2、Cullingford concludes that www.yingyusanji.com
　　A.children are excited when they watch TV.
　　B.Watching TV has little real effect on children.
　　C.Parents should spend less time watching TV.
　　D.Parents should be worried about the effect of TV on children.
　　参考答案：B
　　3、The study of children and television shows that
　　A.it is useless for television companies to delay adult viewing to the later hours.
　　B.It is a waste of time for children to watch adult programs on TV.
　　C.Children should not watch television programs late into the night.
　　D.Children are supposed to learn a lot from television programs.
　　参考答案：A
　　4、Whom would the result of the new study upset?
　　A.the advertisers.
　　B.The children viewers.
　　C.The movie stars.
　　D.The educators.
　　参考答案：D
　　5、Which of the following is NOT true according to the new study of children and television?
　　A.Some children stay up late to watch the programs they like
　　B.Children enjoy watching challenging programs.
　　C.Children don't like serious messages and high-pressured ads.
　　D.Though children like watching ads,most of them don't believe what ads say about the product.
　　参考答案：B
　　参考译文：
　　孩子们从电视上几乎什么也没学到，他们看得越多，记忆就越少。他们认为电视纯粹是娱乐，憎恨那些要求他们的节目，并且对任何人都应该认真对待媒体感到惊讶。他们并非对程序过于兴奋，而是对整个程序有点厌烦。这些是来自一项关于儿童和电视的新研究的主要结论。作者卡林福德证实了现代儿童是一个专注的观众。研究表明晚些时候没有什么意义。超过三分之一的孩子在晚上9点以后经常看他们最喜欢的节目。所有11岁的孩子在午夜之后都看过节目。
　　除了明显的浪费时间之外，所有这些观看效果似乎都很小。卡林福德说，孩子们不会集中注意力，他们能回忆起很少的细节。他们能准确地记住他们看过哪些节目，但他们很少能解释特定情节的元素。回忆是“与他们观看的数量成反比”。Cullingford认为，正是因为电视不像老师，要求很少的关注和反应，所以孩子们才喜欢它。人们强烈不喜欢那些试图传递严肃信息的程序。经常在屏幕上讲话的人也是如此。广告是孩子们最喜欢和最容易记住的东西。他们把自己看成是短节目，特别喜欢幽默的演讲。但是，他们再次强烈反对那些试图公开影响他们的高压广告。
　　另一方面，他们没有在情感上参与到项目中。如果他们钦佩明星，那是因为演员们过着光彩夺目的生活，赚了很多钱，而不是因为他们虚构的驾车技巧和拍摄坏蛋。他们非常清楚广告的功能；到12岁时，只有10%的孩子相信甚至最喜爱的广告所表达的关于产品的信息。Cullingford说，教育电视在传播态度和信息方面可能最不成功。