公共英语考试三级阅读理解模拟题：
　　Directions:
　　Read the texts from an article in which five people talked about energy and making use of it.For questions 1 to 5,match the name of each speaker to one of the statements(A to G)given below.Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET 1.
　　Jackson:
　　Viewed from a scientist's standpoint,all of the energy contained in fuel either now or in the future becomes heat.Some of the heat is used directly or produces useful work.The rest is lost or rejected.That is to say,it is radiated into the atmosphere from the engines,motors,furnaces,power lines,television sets,boilers and all the other energy-consuming machinery that makes our wheels go around.
　　Browning:
　　It is necessary to improve the efficiency with.which we use energy in order to do more work.But improvement cannot come overnight,and there are limits beyond which not even science can help.According to the Center for Strategic and International studies,about three quarters of the energy we use to move things,including ourselves,accomplishes no useful work.
　　Jeffrey:
　　In terms of efficiency,buses,trains,and other forms of public transportation may be using en-ergy more efficiently than private automobiles.Unless private automobiles can operate at near capacity,their overall efficiency is poor.For example,an urban bus carrying 36 passengers may achieve an efficiency of around 120 passenger-miles per gallon of gasoline.But buses are not al-ways fully loaded,and sometimes they carry no passengers at all.
　　Vandenberg:
　　It is true that buses can sometimes run without passengers.City trains seem to be very effi-cient,but they suffer the same shortcomings as buses and cost more.Except for rush hours,com-muter trains seldom run at full capacity.This wastes even more energy and is more than the management can afford.As a result,commuter trains are truly practical only in places where there are a lot of people.
　　Nathan:
　　For some people,mass transportation may serve their needs.For others,a combination of mass transportation and private transportation may be preferable.Better design and wise use of both mass transportation systems and private vehicles will play an important part in helping us make full-er use of energy for transportation.
　　Now match each of the persons(1 to 5)to the appropriate statement.
　　Note:there are two extra statements.
　　Statements
　　1.Jackson
　　2.Browning
　　3.Jeffrey
　　4.Vandenberg
　　5.Nathan
　　A.City trains and buses have different faults to overcome.
　　B.The efficiency of the city train depends on the size of population.
　　C.Public transportation is usually more energy-efficient.
　　D.Private cars usually run at full capacity.
　　E.No fuel energy is fully used.
　　F.A combined means of transport can help increase energy efficiency.
　　G.Problems of energy loss can never be completely solved.
　　1．E参考解析：推理题.在第一段第一句话作者说燃料里的能源转化为热量.第二、三句紧接着说一部分能量被使用，其余的丢失或遗弃了，由此可推出燃料里的能量没有被完全利用.故选E.
　　2．G参考解析：推理题.第二段第二句话说提高能源不是一夜之间能实现的，而且其中有些限制就连科学也无能为力，说明能源浪费是不可避免的，故选G.
　　3．C参考解析：主旨题.第三段的主旨句是第一句话，意思是“公共交通设施对能源的利用比私家车更高效”，与此一致的是C.
　　4．B参考解析：细节题.由第四段短文最后一句“…commuter trains are truly practical only in places where there are a lot of people．”可知城铁是否实用取决于人口的多少.故选B.
　　5．F参考解析：主旨题.Nathan明确提出更好的设计和更明智的使用两者至关重要，主张把公共交通设施和私人交通工具结合起来.故选F.
　　参考译文：
　　下面五个人在谈论能源及其利用.注意每个人观点有何不同.
　　杰克逊：以科学家的立场来看，不管是现在还是将来，燃料里所含的全部能量都会转变为热量.有些热量会被直接使用或用于有用的生产.其余的不是丢失了就是被遗弃了，也就是说，这些热量从引擎、汽车、熔炉、电线、电视机、锅炉、以及所有其他消耗能量的机器上散发到大气中，正是这些机器使我们生活的齿轮得以运转.
　　布洛林：为了做更多的工作而提高能源使用的效率是很必要的.但是这种提高不是一夜之间能实现的，而且其中有些限制就连科学也无能为力.根据国际研究与战略中心发布的报告，我们用来使用东西，包括我们自己，运转的能量中有四分之三做的是无用功.
　　杰弗里：说到效率，公交车、火车和其他公共交通设施对能源的利用可能比私家车更高效.除非私家车的容量能被最大限度的使用，否则它们的总效率很低.比如说，一辆载有36名乘客的市区公交车，它的效率能达到120乘客．英里／加仑汽油.但是公交车不总是满载，有时车上一名乘客也没有.
　　文登博格：公车上有时确实一个人也没有.城铁看上去效率很高，但是它们也有和公车相同的缺点，而且成本更高.除了交通高峰期，载上下班乘客的列车很少满载运行.这浪费了更多的能源，而且造成出资方负担不起的结果.载上下班乘客的列车只有在人很多的地方才真正实用.
　　南森：对有些人来说，公共交通设施满足了他们的需求，而其他人比较倾向于把公共交通设施和私人交通工具结合起来.更好的设计和更明智的使用两者对我们在交通设施上充分利用能源来说至关重要.