考纲

　　Structure of Matter 25%

　　Atomic Structure: including experimental evidence of atomic structure, quantum numbers and energy levels (orbitals), electron configurations, periodic trends

　　Molecular Structure: including Lewis structures, three-dimensional molecular shapes, polarity

　　Bonding: including ionic, covalent and metallic bonds; relationships of bonding to properties and structures; intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole forces, dispersion (London) forces

　　States of Matter16%

　　Gases: including the kinetic molecular theory, gas law relationships, molar volumes, density, stoichiometry

　　Liquids and Solids: including intermolecular forces in liquids and solids, types of solids, phase changes, and phase diagrams

　　Solutions: including molarity and percent by mass concentrations, solution preparation and stoichiometry, factors affecting solubility of solids, liquids and gases, qualitative aspects of colligative properties

　　Reaction Types14%

　　Acids and Bases: including Brønsted-Lowry theory, strong and weak acids and bases, pH, titrations, indicators

　　Oxidation-Reduction: including recognition of oxidation-reduction reactions, combustion, oxidation numbers, use of reduction potentials

　　Precipitation: including basic solubility rules

　　Stoichiometry14%

　　Mole Concept: including molar mass, Avogadro’s number, empirical and molecular formulas

　　Chemical Equations: including the balancing of equations, stoichiometric calculations, percent yield, and limiting reactants

　　Equilibrium and Reaction Rates 5%

　　Equilibrium Systems: including factors affecting position of equilibrium (Le Châtelier’s principle) in gaseous and aqueous

　　systems, equilibrium constants, and equilibrium expressions

　　Rates of Reactions: including factors affecting reaction rates, potential energy diagrams, activation energies

　　Thermochemistry6%

　　ncluding conservation of energy, calorimetry and specific heats, enthalpy (heat) changes associated with phase changes and chemical reactions, heating and cooling curves, entropy

　　Descriptive Chemistry12%

　　Including common elements, nomenclature of ions and compounds, periodic trends in chemical and physical properties of the elements, reactivity of elements and prediction of products of chemical reactions, examples of simple organic compounds and compounds of environmental concern

　　Laboratory 8%

　　Including knowledge of laboratory equipment, measurements, procedures, observations, safety, calculations, data analysis, interpretation of graphical data, drawing conclusions from observations and data

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