时和体虽然是两个不同的类别，但它们总是出现在一起。

　　英语中有六个时态和两种语体。参考时态和语体，我们可以在实际运用中谈论下列结构。

　　注意：进行体也被称为连续体。

　　1

　　一般现在时(现在时态+一般体)

　　Present Simple (present tense + common aspect)

　　肯定句：主语+动词原形

　　注：对于第三人称单数(他/她/它)，要在动词原形后加“s”

　　I/ You/ We/ They work in a bank.

　　我/你/我们/他们在银行工作。

　　He/ She works in a bank.

　　他/她在银行工作。

　　否定句：主语+don’t/ doesn’t+动词原形

　　I/ You/ We/ They don’t (do not) work.

　　我/你/我们/他们不工作。

　　He/ She/ It doesn’t (does not) work.

　　他/她/它不工作。

　　疑问句：疑问词+助动词do/does+主语+动词原形

　　Where do I/ you/we/they work?

　　我/你/我们/他们在哪里工作?

　　Where does he/ she work?

　　他/她在哪里工作?

　　适用场合：

　　Usual, regular action

　　经常，规律的行为

　　I usually go fishing at weekends. I don’t go fishing at weekends. Do I go fishing at weekends?

　　我通常在周末去钓鱼。我周末不去钓鱼。我周末去钓鱼吗?

　　She never puts milk in her tea. She doesn’t put milk in her tea. Does she ever put milk in her tea?

　　她从不把牛奶放进茶里。她不把牛奶放在茶里。她把牛奶放进茶里了吗?

　　We sometimes go to the cinema on Friday. We don’t go to the cinema on Friday. Do we go to the cinema on Fridays?

　　我们有时星期五去看电影。我们星期五不去看电影。我们星期五去看电影吗?

　　They never walk in the wood. They don’t walk in the wood. Do they walk in the wood?

　　他们从不在树林里散步。他们不在树林里散步。他们在树林里散步吗?

　　General existence; stating a fact:

　　普遍存在;陈述事实：

　　An ostrich has two legs. A rabbit doesn’t have two legs. How many legs does a spider have?

　　鸵鸟有两条腿。兔子没有两只腿。蜘蛛有多少条腿?

　　The earth goes round the sun. The sun doesn’t go round the earth. Does the moon go round the earth?

　　地球绕着太阳转。太阳不会绕着地球转。月亮绕着地球转吗?

　　Water is liquid at room temperature. Gold isn’t liquid at room temperature. Is gold solid at room temperature?

　　水在室温下是液态的。黄金在室温下不是液态的。金子在室温下是固体的吗?

　　Dramatic narrative (theatre, sports, etc. events):

　　戏剧性的叙述(戏剧、体育等)：

　　Johnson takes the ball, he bounces it to the floor, then he throws and scores two points.

　　约翰逊拿到球，他把球反弹到地板上，然后投了两分。

　　Timetables

　　时间表

　　The train leaves at half past four. The train doesn’t leave at five. What time does the train leave?

　　火车四点半发车，可是现在五点了还不开。火车什么时候发车?

　　The course starts on 1 July. The course doesn’t start in June. When does the course start?

　　课程从7月1号开始，六月份这个课还没开课呢。课程什么时候开始?

　　2

　　现在进行时(现在时+进行体)

　　Present Progressive (present tense + progressive aspect)

　　肯定句：主语+be动词+动词ing形式

　　You are cooking.

　　你正在做饭。

　　否定句：主语+be not+动词ing形式

　　You aren’t (are not) cooking.

　　你没在做饭。

　　疑问句：疑问词+ be动词 +主语+动词ing形式

　　What are you cooking?

　　你正在做什么饭?

　　适用场合：

　　Action happening now:

　　表示正在发生的动作：

　　I’m watching a film on TV now. I‘m not watching a film. Am I watching a film?

　　我正在看电视上的电影。我现在没在看电影。我正在看电影吗?

　　Watch out, a car’s coming. It isn’t not coming. Is it coming?

　　当心，汽车要来了。汽车没来。汽车要来了吗?

　　The boys are sleeping upstairs. They boys aren’t sleeping upstairs. Are the boys sleeping upstairs?

　　孩子们正在楼上睡觉。孩子们没在楼上睡觉。孩子们正在楼上睡觉吗?

　　Action happening about this time, but not necessarily now:

　　表示最近一段时间内进行的行为，不一定是现在正在做的。

　　He‘s studying Spanish and German. He‘s not studying French. What languages is he studying?

　　他在学习西班牙语和德语。他没在学法语。他在学习什么语言?

　　They‘re going to a business course. They aren’t going to a cooking course. What course are they going to?

　　他们要去上商业课。他们没去上烹饪课。他们要去上什么课?

　　Definite arrangement in the near future:

　　表示近期内的明确安排：

　　I‘m travelling to Paris tomorrow. I‘m not travelling to Paris tomorrow. Am I travelling to Paris tomorrow?

　　我明天要去巴黎旅行。我明天不去巴黎旅行。我明天要去巴黎旅行吗?

　　You‘re going to Italy on holiday this year, aren’t you? You aren’t going to Greece. Where are you going on holiday this year?

　　你今年要去意大利度假，不是吗?你不打算去希腊。今年你打算去哪里度假?

　　3

　　一般过去时(过去时态+一般体)

　　Past Simple (past tense + common aspect)

　　肯定句：主语+动词一般过去式

　　I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They lived in London ten years ago.

　　十年前，我/你/他/她/它/我们/他们生活在伦敦。

　　否定句：主语+助动词didn't+动词原形

　　I/ You/ He/ She/ It/ We/ They didn’t like the film.

　　我/你/他/她/它/我们/他们不喜欢这个电影。

　　疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形

　　Where did I/ you/ he/ she/ it/ we/ they meet Richard?

　　在哪里我/你/他/她/它/我们/他们遇见的理查德?

　　适用场合：

　　Actions, events in the past:

　　表示发生在过去的动作，事件：

　　Mother went to work on Tuesday. Mother didn’t go to work on Tuesday. Did Mother go to work on Tuesday?

　　妈妈星期二去上班了。妈妈星期二没去上班。妈妈星期二去上班了吗?

　　You did the shopping this morning. You didn’t do the shopping this morning. Where did you do the shopping this morning?

　　你今天早上去买东西了。你今天早上没去买东西。今天上午你在哪里买的东西?