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语法介词:最常见的10个介词用法错误

牛津词典2019-01-08 10:59

  介词是一些非常常见的小词,例如at、for、in、on和to,通常位于名词或代词前面,表达与另外一个词之间的关系。

  母语是英语的人在常见的介词使用中很少犯错,然而,英语学习者经常犯错,因为他们更多地是直接从自己的语言中翻译,而非听地道的英语。

  提高介词使用能力最好的方法是:

  1. listen to spoken English as much as possible

  尽可能多地听英语口语

  2. test yourself on common prepositions

  自我测试常用的介词

  下面罗列了10个常见的介词用法错误:

  1) arrive at 还是 arrive in

  *When we arrived to Claudio’s house…

  at通常用在具体的地点前:school学校、restaurant餐厅、airport机场、aunt’s house阿姨的家;而in通常用在城市或国家前面。

  ✓ When we arrived at Claudio’s house…

  我们到达克劳迪奥的家……

  ✓ The train arrived at Shibuya station thirty seconds late.

  火车延迟30秒到达涩谷车站。

  ✓ On Friday, the president arrived in Poland.

  总统于周五到达波兰。

  ✓ The K-pop band arrived in Phnom Penh last week.

  韩国流行乐队上周到达金边。

  2) at night

  *We often go out in the night.

  in可以用在in the morning, in the afternoon, 和in the evening里,但是night前面需要用at。

  ✓ We often go out at night.

  我们经常在夜晚出门。

  ✓ Krakow is beautiful at night.

  夜晚的克拉科夫很美。

  3) look for 还是 wait for

  *I was looking my glasses.

  *Giulia was waiting me at the bus stop.

  如果你想表达寻找,那么用look for或者search for;如果你想表达等待,那么用wait for。

  ✓ I was looking for my glasses.

  我在寻找我的眼镜。

  ✓ Tomis looking for a new job.

  汤姆正在寻找一份新工作。

  ✓Giulia was waiting for me at the bus stop.

  茱莉亚正在车站等着我。

  ✓Lucy is waiting for her sister to finish class.

  露西正在等她的妹妹放学。

  4) for [period of time]

  *I’ve been working here since five years

  for用在一段时间前面,比如:a few minutes/three months/twenty years。

  since和具体的时间点连用,比如:this morning/September/the day we met。

  ✓I’ve been working here for five years.

  我已经在这里工作五年了。

  ✓She hasn’t drunk coffee for years.

  她好多年不喝咖啡了。

  ✓She’s been living in Yokohama since February.

  她从二月起一直住在横滨。

  ✓I haven’t seen her since yesterday morning.

  昨天早上之后,我就没再见到她。

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