高中英语资料:高中英语常考易混词辨析,一次性带你全部扫清!
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高中英语中有很多近似易混词,把握句子离不开对单词的理解,这就使得易混词辨析显得尤为重要。今天整理了辨析高中英语最常易混词。
celebrate, congratulate
celebrate 和 congratulate 的区别:
(1) celebrate 意思是举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”,只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语
We had a party to celebrate Mother's silver wedding.
我们举行宴会庆祝母亲的银婚纪念日。
(2)congratulate 意思是“祝贺;道贺”,只能用人作宾语,若要表明所祝贺的事情,后面要用 on (upon) 连接
例如:
We congratulated her on winning the contest.
我们祝贺她在比赛中获胜。
I will congratulate you (up) on your success.
我预祝你成功。
注意:
译:他们下星期为你庆贺生日。
误:They will congratulate your birthday next week.
正:They will celebrate your birthday next week.
自我测试
根据句意,用 celebrate 和 congratulate 的适当形式填空。
1. I _______ you on the birth of a son.
2. We should _______ the boy for keeping a cool head.
3. He _______ his birthday with a banquet.
4. We _______ our national Day every year.
5. They held a party to _______ the victory.
答案:
1. congratulate 2. congratulate 3. celebrated 4. celebrate 5. celebrate
chance, opportunity
chance 和 opportunity 这两个单词都可以表示“机会”,但含义不同。
(1)chance 指侥幸的或偶然的机会,或无法解释的 “天意” 或 “命运” 所安排的时机,意为运气,机会。
It’s the chance of lifetime. 这是千载难逢的机会。
(2) opportunity 指符合人们意向或目的的一般机会,或指某一特定时机,有利于做某件事以实现某种抱负与愿望,意为:良机,机会。二者常可交换使用。
例如:
What a wonderful opportunity!
多么难得的机会呀!
They had no chance/opportunity to escape.
他们没有逃跑的机会。
I had no chance/opportunity to see him.
我没机会见到他。
I never miss a chance/opportunity of playing football.
我从不放弃任何踢足球的机会。
I wish I'd had your chances/opportunities.
但愿我曾获得你那样的好机会。
注意:
① 表示偶然性,强调“命运”的安排时,chance 比 opportunity 更好。例如:
Chance plays an important part in many card games.
在很多纸牌游戏中,运气起着重要的作用。
A wise man turns chance into good fortune.
聪明人能把机会变成好运气。
② chance 还可表示 “可能性”,opportunity 没有这种用法,
The chances are ten to one that we will win.
我们获胜的可能性是十比一。
自我测试
根据句意,用 chance 和 opportunity 的适当形式填空。
1. Don’t let slip any _______ of improving you.
2. There are not many promotion ________ in this company.
3. I am glad to have this ________ of speaking to you.
4. By some strange ________, we discovered the error.
5. This is the ________ had been waiting for.
6. There was no ________ in such a system for the poor.
7. There is little ________ of meeting him again.
答案:
1. opportunity 2. opportunities 3. opportunity/chance 4. chance 5. chance 6. chance 7. chance
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