NASA发现了一颗新行星,很可能是外星人的家园(双语)
沪江2020-01-13 16:41
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你有没有想过,这个世界上可能真的有外星人的存在?
最近,NASA就发现了可能是外星人的家园--一颗和地球大小相仿的行星。一起来看看吧!
The planet, dubbed TOI 700 d, was discovered by NASA' s TESS satellite, and is one of only a few Earth-sized planets discovered in a star' s habitable zone so far.这颗被命名为TOI 700d的行星是由美国宇航局的TESS卫星发现的,是迄今为止在恒星的宜居带发现的为数不多的与地球大小相仿的行星之一。 Paul Hertz, astrophysics division director at NASA Headquarters in Washington, said: "TESS was designed and launched specifically to find Earth-sized planets orbiting nearby stars. Planets around nearby stars are easiest to follow-up with larger telescopes in space and on Earth."华盛顿国家航空航天局总部的天体物理学部门主管--保罗·赫兹说:“ TESS是专门为寻找围绕附近恒星运行的地球大小的行星而设计和发射的。用更大的望远镜在太空和地球上追踪恒星周围的行星是最容易的。”
"Discovering TOI 700 d is a key science finding for TESS."“发现TOI 700 d是TESS的一项重大科学发现。”
The planet orbits a small, cool M dwarf star called TOI 700, which is located just over 100 light years away from Earth.这颗行星围绕着一颗名为TOI 700的小小的冷M矮星运行,它距离地球仅有100光年。
The star is roughly 40% of the Sun' s mass and size, and about half its surface temperature.
这颗恒星的质量和大小约为太阳的40%,表面温度约为太阳的一半。
Several planets appear to orbit the star. The innermost planet, TOI 700 b, is a rocky planet that' s almost exactly the same size as Earth, while the middle planet, TOI 700 c, is 2.6 times larger than Earth, and is a gas-dominated world.有几颗行星似乎在围绕这颗恒星运行。最里面的那颗行星TOI 700b,这是一颗和地球大小相仿的岩石行星,而中间的那颗行星TOI 700c,是地球的2.6倍,是一个以气体为主的星球。
Finally, the outermost planet, TOI 700d, is the only one in the habitable zone, and is around 20% larger than Earth.最后,最外层的行星TOI 700d是唯一位于宜居带的行星,比地球大20%左右。
To confirm the planets' sizes and compositions, NASA used its Spitzer Space Telescope.为了确认这些行星的大小和组成,美国宇航局启用了斯皮策太空望远镜。
Joseph Rodriguez, an astronomer at the Centre for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, said: "Given the impact of this discovery - that it is TESS' s first habitable-zone Earth-size planet - were ally wanted our understanding of this system to be as concrete as possible."哈佛和史密森天体物理中心的天文学家约瑟夫·罗德里格斯说:“考虑到这一发现的影响--这是TESS发现的第一颗地球大小的宜居带行星--我们真心希望可以尽可能详细地了解该体系。”
"Spitzer saw TOI 700 d transit exactly when we expected it to. It's a great addition to the legacy of a mission that helped confirm two of the TRAPPIST-1 planets and identify five more."“斯皮策所发现的TOI 700 d也正是我们所期望的。是有助于确认两个TRAPPIST-1行星并确定其他五个行星这一项使命的伟大的补充。”
While TOI 700 d' s exact conditions are unknown, the researchers used 3D climate models to predict its surface type and atmospheric composition.虽然TOI 700d的确切情况尚不清楚,但研究人员使用3D气候模型来预测它的表面类型和大气成分。
One model suggests that the planet may be ocean-covered with a dense, carbon-dioxide-dominated atmosphere, while an other indicates that TOI 700 d could be an all-land version of modern Earth.一种模型表明,这颗行星可能全部是海洋--为高浓度的,二氧化碳为主的大气所覆盖,而另一种模型则表明,TOI700d可能是现代地球的全陆版本。
The researchers hope that further data on the planet will help to work out which of these models is correct.研究人员希望,有关该行星的更多数据有助于找出这些模型中哪一个是正确的。
Gabrielle Englemann-Suissa, a Universities Space Research Association visiting research assistant at Goddard, added: "Someday, when we have real spectra from TOI 700 d, we can backtrack, match them to the closest simulated spectrum, and then match that to a model."大学空间研究协会的访问研究助理--高加德补充说:“总有一天,当我们拥有来自TOI 700d的真实光谱时,我们可以进行循迹调查,将它们与最接近的模拟光谱匹配,然后将其与模型匹配。”
“It' s exciting because no matter what we find out about the planet, it' s going to look completely different from what we have here on Earth."“这很令人兴奋,因为不论我们对这个星球有什么发现,它都将与我们在地球上所拥有的完全不同。”
多知道一点
行星
行星通常指自身不发光,环绕着恒星的天体。
其公转方向常与所绕恒星的自转方向相同。一般来说行星需具有一定质量,行星的质量要足够的大且近似于圆球状,自身不能像恒星那样发生核聚变反应。
历史上行星名字来自于它们的位置在天空中不固定,就好像它们在星空中行走一般。太阳系内肉眼可见的5颗行星水星、金星、火星、木星和土星早在史前就已经被人类发现了。
16世纪后日心说取代了地心说,人类了解到地球本身也是一颗行星。
望远镜被发明和万有引力被发现后,人类又发现了天王星、海王星,冥王星(已被重分类为矮行星)还有为数不少的小行星。20世纪末人类在太阳系外的恒星系统中也发现了行星。
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