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董卿朗读《红楼梦》上热搜 看看英文版的魅力!

沪江2017-05-05 09:58

  解析:

  杨戴的译文信息完整,句式繁杂,霍克斯的译文信息简洁,选用了类似诗体的形式。整体来看,杨戴对原文进行了增译,把所有有用的信息铺陈在读者面前,方便读者理解;而霍克斯则尽量遵循原文,保留了琵琶半遮的美感,各有千秋。

  鬓若刀裁:鬓发指的是脸颊靠近耳朵的头发,杨戴将它译成“hair above his temples(太阳穴)”,而霍译直接简化成hairline(发际线),采取了模糊的翻译方式。如果日常翻译中遇到了拿捏不准的内容,不妨借鉴霍克斯的方法试一试。

  鼻若悬胆:杨戴省去了这一句话,而霍译用shapely(形状美观的)代替了“悬胆”这个词。虽然文化信息被省略了,但从达意层面上是有利于读者理解的。

  睛若秋波:秋波这个词也是中国特有的形容词,指秋风中的湖泊涟漪,形容眼神清澈。杨戴的autumn ripples体现了原意,霍克斯的limpid(清澈的,透明的) pools侧重了清澈。

  风骚、情思:两版译文都选用了charm和feeling。

  伍

董卿朗读《红楼梦》上热搜 看看英文版的魅力!

  两弯似蹙非蹙笼烟眉,一双似喜非喜含情目。态生两靥之愁,娇袭一身之病。泪光点点,娇喘微微。闲静似娇花照水,行动如弱柳扶风。心较比干多一窍,病如西子胜三分。

  译文:

  Her dusky arched eyebrows were knitted and yet not frowning, her speaking eyes held both merriment and sorrow; her very frailty had charm. Her eyes sparkled with tears, her breath was soft and faint. In repose she was like a lovely flower mirrored in the water; in motion, a pliant willow swaying in the wind. She looked more sensitive than Bi Gan, more delicate than Xi Shi.(杨戴)

  Her mist-wreathed brows at first seemed to frown, yet were not frowning;

  Her passionate eyes at first seemed to smile, yet were not merry.

  Habit had given a melancholy cast to her tender face;

  Nature had bestowed a sickly constitution on her delicate frame.

  Often the eyes swam with glistening tears;

  Often the breath came in gentle gasps.

  In stillness she made one think of a graceful flower reflected in the water;

  In motion she called to mind tender willow shoots caressed by the wind.

  She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan;

  And suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi.(霍克斯)

  解析:

  两版译文虽用词不同,但都算忠实完整地呈现了原文的描述。这里,英大想说说最后一句“心较比干多一窍,病如西子胜三分”的译文,比干和西子(西施)是中国古代的人物,如果要铺开讲需要很大的篇幅,两种译文都省去了对他们的解释。

  那么要想准确传达文中的意思就需要在前文中多下功夫,这里英大很喜欢杨戴版本的处理。一贯秉承信息完整的杨戴在这句话的处理上撇开了异化,采取了归化的方式。用sensitive和delicate恰到好处地表现了林黛玉的两大特质:敏感、美丽。而霍译对读者的理解力和想象力都是不小的挑战。


董卿朗读《红楼梦》上热搜 看看英文版的魅力!

  中华文学博大精深,很多东西是不可译的,有些庆幸我们能享有这些精致而美丽的语言,有些遗憾不能把它们分享给更多人。感谢杨戴和霍克斯给出了如此磅礴的两个译本,让我们能学到更多。

  这段宝黛初见乍一看没什么玄机,其实为后续的进展埋下了许多伏笔。林黛玉和贾宝玉的爱情源于木石前盟,他们一个是赤瑕宫神瑛侍者,另一个是西方灵河岸上三生石畔的绛珠仙草,长期以来,神瑛侍者一直用甘露灌溉这株仙草,使其修成女体。双双入凡间成了表兄妹,初见便似曾相识,别人只当是宝玉胡说,却不知道这是前世的缘分。

  一个是阆苑仙葩,一个是美玉无瑕,可惜木石前盟没有比得过金玉良缘(贾宝玉和薛宝钗),最后只能是水中月镜中花,一场悲剧。

(编辑:何莹莹)

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