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英语学习资料:新概念英语二册自学笔记精讲55、56

新东方网整理2015-07-09 10:52

  2.much与many的其他表达方式

  在第32课的语法中,我们学习了little和few的用法,知道在口语中多用not much, not many代替:

  There isn't much sugar/aren't many sweets, but you can have a little/few. 糖/糖果不多了,不过你可以来一点/吃几块。

  (1)much和many通常用于否定句和疑问句(正式文体除外)。在日常谈话中,我们通常避免在肯定句中使用much和many,而用别的数量词。口语中用得最多的表示"许多"的数量词是a lot of(常被认为不宜用在正式的场合),它既可以与复数可数名词连用也可以与不可数名词连用,后面的动词用单数还是复数取决于名词:

  A lot of time is needed to do this work. 做这项工作需要很多时间。

  A lot of books have been stolen. 许多书被盗了。

  比a lot of正式一些的表达方式有:a great/good deal of+不可数名词,a great/good/large number of+复数名词,a great/good many of+复数名词。

  A great/good deal of money is spent on food. 在食物上花了很多钱。

  A great/good number of our students are Americans. 我们的学生中有许多是美国人。

  Tom doesn't read much, but Ian reads a great deal/a lot 汤姆读书不多,但伊恩读得很多。

  (2)在what引导的感叹句中不用 much/many:

  词汇学习Word study

  1.handsome, beautiful, pretty与good-looking

  这些单词都可以表示"美",但含义和用法各不相同。handsome 通常用来形容男子,表示"漂亮的"、"英俊的"; beautiful表示"美的"、"给人美感的"、"令人愉悦的"、"完美的"等含义,多用于形容女子、孩童、花草、服饰等,不用来形容男子的长相;pretty表示"漂亮的"、"可爱的"、"令人怜爱的"等含义,多用于女子、孩子等;good-looking表示容貌"标致的"、"美貌的"、"好看的",男女均适用,它所表示的美通常不及beautiful所表示的:

  Dan is a handsome/good-looking young man. 丹是个英俊的/很帅的小伙子。

  Mary is a beautiful/good-looking/pretty girl. 玛丽是个美丽的/好看的/漂亮的姑娘。

  2.reach与arrive in/at

  (1)reach表示"到达"、"达到"。表示抵达某地时通常为及物动词,比arrive in/at要正式:

  When did you reach London? 你们何时抵达伦敦的?

  reach适用的范围比较广,不仅仅限于地点,作不及物动词的情况较少:

  When you reach my age, you'll be able to understand it. 等你到我这个年龄时,你就可以理解了。

  Can you get that book down for me please? I can't reach it. 请你帮我把那本书拿下来好吗?我够不着。

  (2)arrive为不及物动词,表示"到达"、"抵达"。它既可以单独使用,也可以与介词连用。在表示到达某个较大的地方时用arrive in, 到达某个较小的地方/场所用arrive at, 这由说话者决定:

  When I arrived at the station, the train had already gone. 我到车站时,那列火车已经开走了。

  3.take part与take place

  (1)固定短语take part(in)表示"参加"、"参与":

  It was the oldest car taking part. 它是参赛车中最老的一辆。

  How many of you are taking part in the play? 你们当中有多少人参加了这个剧的演出?

  I didn't take part in their conversation. 我没有加入他们的谈话。

  (2)take place也是个固定短语,表示"发生"、"进行"、"举行":

  All these took place before you were born. 所有这些都发生在你出生之前。

  The Olympic Games will take place in our country in four years' time. 4年以后,奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举办。

  练习答案Key to written exercises

  1.关键句型练习答案

  A One of the most handsome cars(1.3); The most unusual car (1.4); the oldest car(1.5); more time under their cars than in them (11.7-8); much faster than any of…(1.9);but no less exciting (than modern car races) (1.11)

  2.难点练习答案

  a They have some very handsome antique furniture.

  Switzerland is a very beautiful country.

  She was a very pretty baby, but she's quite plain now.

  They make a very good-looking couple.

  b Can you reach the top of that cupboard?

  They arrived at the station just in time.

  c Are you taking part in the new play?

  The meeting took place in Paris last week.

  3.多项选择题答案

  1 c 2 a 3 c 4 c 5 a 6 c

  7 a 8 b 9 b 10 c 11 c 12 c

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