Heimlich manoeuvre

　　海姆利克氏操作法

　　The term Heimlich manoeuvre is eponymously derived from the name of Henry Judah Heimlich, the American doctor who developed the procedure in the 1970s.

　　这个术语海姆利克氏操作法得名于亨利·J·海姆利克。这位美国医生在20世纪70年代发明了这种操作法。

　　Kalashnikov

　　卡拉西尼科夫来复枪

　　In 1947, the Russian lieutenant and small arms designer Mikhail Kalashnikov created a sub-machine gun for the Soviet Army. The AK-47, short for Avtomat Kalashnikova model 1947, or simply Kalashnikov, went on to become the standard issue assault rifle of the Red Army.

　　1947年，这位俄国上尉兼轻武器设计师卡拉什尼科夫为苏联军队发明了一款冲锋枪。AK-47是卡拉西尼科夫来1947型复枪的简称。它成为红军的标准突击步枪。

　　Mason jar

　　梅森食品瓶

　　This wide-mouthed glass jar, commonly also referred to as Mason, was created by the American tinsmith John Landis Mason, who was granted a US patent in 1858. Sadly his invention didn’t make him rich –Mason died in poverty in 1902.

　　大口玻璃瓶普遍被称为梅森。这种食品瓶是由美国锡匠约翰·L 梅森发明，于1858年被作为一项美国专利。可惜，他的发明没让他变富。1902年，他在贫困潦倒中死去。

　　Petri dish

　　皮氏培养皿

　　German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri was working at the Kaiserliches Gesundheitsamt (Imperial Health Office) in Berlin from 1877 to 1879 as an assistant to Robert Koch when he invented a transparent dish used for the culture of microorganisms –the Petri dish.

　　1877年~1879年，德国细菌学者朱利斯·理察·佩特里在柏林帝国卫生局工作，作为罗伯特·科赫的助理。在这段时间里，他发明了一个微生物透明培养皿，又称皮氏培养皿。

　　Pilates

　　普拉提

　　Pilates –a system of exercises using special apparatus –got its name from Joseph Pilates, a German-born physical fitness specialist. He developed the system in the UK and US during the first half of the 20th century after having studied both Eastern and Western forms of exercise.

　　普拉提是用特殊设备进行健身的锻炼方法，用约瑟夫·皮拉提斯的名字命名了它。他是德国健身专家。在二十世纪上半叶，他在英国和美国学习了东西方健身方式之后发明了这个锻炼方法。

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