5. Delegation

　　5. 委托他人

　　Depending on what type of work you do, you may be able to delegate some tasks. Knowing what to delegate and when is a skill. Some people resist delegating, either because they want to maintain control or because they want to save money by not hiring assistants. Both approaches ultimately hurt productivity and raise costs.

　　取决于你的工作种类，你可能需要委托他人一些任务。懂得委托的内容以及委托他人的时机也是一项技能。有些人拒绝委托他人，要么因为他们想要保持主导权，要么因为他们想要节省雇用助理的费用。两种举措最终都会损害工作效率，提高成本。

　　Remember too, however, that if you practice time management diligently and still can’t get everything done, you may be trying to do too much. It is better to succeed at a few tasks than to attempt and then fail at many.

　　然而，还要记住，如果你勤奋地锻炼自己的时间管理技能，但仍然无法完成任务，你可能锻炼过头了。更好的状态在于在少量任务上成功，而不是追求大量任务的成功然后失败了。

　　Examples of Time Management Skills in the Workplace

　　职场所需的时间管理技能例子

　　A - E

　　字母A -E开头的技能

　　Adapting plans to changing circumstances

　　根据情况变化调整计划

　　Allocating time for specific tasks

　　为特定的任务分配时间

　　Analyzing processes and selecting the simplest way to accomplish a task

　　分析任务进程并选择最简易的方法去完成任务

　　Asking for help when overwhelmed with demands

　　当任务需求过大的时候寻求帮助

　　Assertiveness to say no to inappropriate demands that distract from central duties

　　自信地拒绝那些干扰核心任务的不恰当要求

　　Attacking more complex tasks when you have the highest energy and sharpest concentrations

　　在精力最旺盛、注意力最集中的时候拿下更多复杂的任务

　　Auditing how time is spent

　　审计时间成本

　　Avoiding excessive small talk with co-workers

　　避免过多与同事闲聊

　　Avoiding procrastination; acting instead of worrying

　　避免拖延症;担心还不如行动

　　Breaking broader goals into smaller parts and focusing on one step at a time

　　把大目标拆分成小目标然后一次专注一个

　　Breaking up projects into manageable parts

　　把项目拆分成各个便于管理的部分

　　Creating daily, weekly and monthly “to do” lists

　　创建每天、每周和每月的代办事务清单

　　Creating schedules

　　创建日常行程列表

　　Delegating more routine tasks to lower level staff

　　把更多的常规任务分配给下属员工

　　Eating well to maintain energy

　　合理饮食，保持能量

　　Eliminating time wasters

　　减少浪费时间的活动

　　Exercising and participating in other stress reducing activities during leisure time to maximize energy when at work

　　闲暇时间锻炼并参与其他减压活动，从而达到工作精力最大化

　　F - Z

　　字母F -Z开头的技能

　　Facilitating efficient meetings; sticking with time frames for meetings

　　促进会议有效地进行;坚守会议的时间限制框架

　　Grouping similar tasks together to limit transition time

　　把小任务集中起来限制过渡时间

　　Maintaining an organized work area

　　保持工作环境井然有序

　　Multitasking; shifting smoothly from one task to another

　　同时处理多项任务;从一项任务顺利转移到另一项任务

　　Openness to more efficient ways of doing things

　　对更有效的处事方法保持开放的态度

　　Organizing digital files for easy retrieval

　　组织电子文档以便快速提取

　　Planning your day the night before or first thing in the morning

　　前一天晚上或者早上首先做好一天的计划

　　Prioritizing requests and demands

　　优先安排需求

　　Prioritizing a list of projects and focusing on higher value tasks with more immediate deadlines

　　优先安排一份项目清单并且注重更有价值、截止时间更短的任务

　　Punctuality

　　守时

　　Putting cell phones aside to eliminate the distraction of personal messages unless required for work

　　把手机放到一旁减少个人信息带来的干扰(工作所需的除外)

　　Reviewing performance and eliminating deviations from priorities

　　考核绩效，消除偏离优先项目的部分

　　Setting daily, weekly and monthly goals

　　设置每日，每周及每月的目标

　　Setting realistic standards for quality and avoiding perfectionism

　　设定现实评估质量的标准，避免完美主义

　　Setting specific times for responding to email

　　设定回复邮件的具体时间段

　　Taking short breaks to restore energy

　　多作短暂休息，恢复精力

　　Touching each piece of paper or reading each email just once, whenever feasible

　　每一份文件或每一封电子邮件只查看一遍，在任何可行的时候