初中英语总复习:初中英语使役动词及其用法
互联网2019-04-18 11:12
三、使役意义动态动词
1. cause 致使,导致(能接直接宾语,双宾语,复合宾语)
What caused his death? 什么导致了他的死亡?
This has caused us much anxiety. 这给我们带来了极大的忧虑。
What caused the plants to die.(=what made them die.)什么使得这些植物枯死。
He caused the prisoner to be put to death. (=he had them put to death.)他使得这些犯人被处死。
2. force 迫使,强迫 (宾语后常接介词短语、副词及不定式等)
force one’s way through a crowd 从人群中挤出一条路来.
force a way in / out / through 冲入/出/过
force an entry into a building 强行进入一建筑
force the war upon him 强迫某人作战
force someone into doing something 强迫某人做某事
force sb./ oneself to work hard 迫使某人/自己努力工作
四、 “半使役动词”amaze, astonish等
1. 常见的半使役动词
amaze(使某人感到惊呀), astonish(使某人感到惊奇),
bore(使某人感到厌倦), complicate(使某人感到复杂),
confuse(使某人感到迷惑), disappoint (使某人感到失望),
delight(使某人感到高兴), discourage(使某人感到气馁),
distinguish(使某人感到显著), excite (使某人感到兴奋),
encourage(使某人感到鼓舞), exhaust (使某人感到疲倦),
frighten(使某人感到恐惧), interest (使某人感到有趣),
inspire(使某人感到刺激), move(使某人感到激动),
please(使某人感到高兴), puzzle(使某人感到不解),
satisfy(使某人感到满意), surprise(使某人感到惊异),
shock(使某人感到震惊), strike (使某人感到震动),
tire(使某人感到疲惫), upset (使某人感到迷惑不解),等等。
2. 半使役动词的主动式用法:something + vt. + somebody
The exam result satisfied his parents.
考试结果令他的父母很满意。
The boy’s behavior upset everybody around.
这个男孩的行为使周围的每个人都很沮丧。
3. 半使役动词有两个或三个派生形容词,一个加-ing,一个加-ed,有时还有一个加其他后缀构成。
如:interest----interesting, interested;
astonish----astonishing, astonished;
please----pleasing, pleased, pleasant;
satisfy----satisfying, satisfied, satisfactory.
4. 半使役动词的v-ing和v-ed两个分词形容词的用法也有规律,一般而言,作定语时,v-ing分词形容词修饰事物,v-ed分词形容词修饰人或者人的心理活动、表情等;作表语或宾语补足语时,v-ing分词形容词指事,v-ed分词形容词指人或拟人用法,而且作表语的v-ed分词后接事时常有一个介词,如:
The film we saw last night was very interesting.
我们昨天晚上看的电影非常有趣。
We were all interested in the film.
我们都对这部电影感兴趣。
The frightening hurricane made the girl very frightened.
令人恐惧的飓风使这个女孩感到害怕。
The teacher was satisfied with the answer of his students.
这位老师对他学生们的回答感到满意。
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