高考必考语法:虚拟语气知识点详解
互联网2019-05-07 15:46
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② 虚拟条件句中的省略
:当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had 时,if 可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were,should,had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。
Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.
要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去了。
Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.
如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。
Were she here,she would agree with us.
如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。
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③ 用其它形式表达虚拟条件
:虚拟条件状语从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或用其它方式表示出来。如without…,but for…(要不是...)等。
But for his help,we would be working now.
要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。
We didn't know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephoned him.
我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。
Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.
要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。
④ 在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was。
If I were you,I would go to look for him.
如果我是你,就会去找他。
⑤ 在虚拟条件句中,should/would/might/could四个词只能用should;在虚拟主句中,主语只有是第一人称时,才能用should。
If he had got there earlier, he would have met her.
如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her.
如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
四、其它从句中的虚拟语气
1.虚拟语气用在状语从句中
① 由as if 或 as though 所引导的方式状浯从句,若从句与事实相反,则要用虚拟语气。
② 由 even if 或 even though 所引导的让步状语从句,若从句与事实相反,则从句和主句都要用虚拟语气。
2.虚拟语气用在定语从句中
在it is (high) time that…句型中也用虚拟语气,从句常用过去式,有时也用should+动词原形,表示该做而没做的事,含建议的意味。
It is time that we went home.=It is time that we should go home.
我们该回家了。
It is time we left. =It is time we should leave.
我们该走了。
It is time we summed up our results.= It is time we should sum up our results.
我们该总结我们的成绩了。
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