人教版八上Unit1知识梳理/词汇句式精讲
初中英语2019-07-05 10:13
2) 在表示请求、邀请、提建议等带有委婉语气的疑问句,和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句,以及表示反问的问句中,也用something,someone,somebody等复合不定代词。例如:
Would you like something to eat?要些吃的东西吗?
Isn’t there something wrong with you? 难道你没问题吗?
3) 当anything表示“任何事(物),无论何事(物)”,anyone,anybody表示“无论谁,任何人”等意义时,它们也可以用于肯定句中。例如:
Anything is OK. 什么都行。
Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。
口诀:
不定代词美名扬,修饰成分后边藏;单数动词作谓语,何时何地都一样。
2. Yes, I bought something for my father.
本句中用了buy sth. for sb.的句型。buy sth. for sb.意为“给某人买某物”,也可用buy sb. sth,即buy后跟双宾语,sb. 指人是间接宾语,sth.指物是直接宾语。例如:
He bought me a present. = He bought a present for me.
他给我买了一份礼物。
【拓展】
英语中带双宾语的动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须加上to或for。常见的此种用法的动词分两类:
(1) 动词buy; draw; make等可跟双宾语,当直接宾语前置时,必须在间接宾语前加for,即:
buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 例如:
Mother made a pair of trousers for her son.
母亲为儿子做了一条裤子。
(2) 动词give; pass; lend; write; show; send; hand和bring接双宾语,当直接宾语前置时,需在间接宾语前加to构成。即:give/ pass/ lend… sth. to sb. 例如:
I’ll send it to you. 我会把它送给你的。
【注意】上述能接双宾语的动词,一般情况下两种形式可以互换,即vt. + sb. + sth. = vt. + sth. for(to) sb.。但当直接宾语是代词时,不论间接宾语是何种词性,只能用vt. + sth.(代词) + for(to) sb.
3. Everything tasted really good!
本句中的taste在此是系动词,意为“尝起来”,后面接形容词作表语。例如:
The food tastes good. 食物尝起来很香。
【拓展】
(1) look,sound,smell,taste,feel这五个动词都与人的感觉有关,可称之为“感官”动词。
这五个动词均可作系动词,后面接形容词作表语,说明主语所处的状态。其意思分别为“看/听/闻/尝/摸起来……”。除look之外,其它几个动词的主语往往是物,而不是人。例如:
The old man looks very happy. 那个老人看起来很幸福。
These flowers smell very sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。
The tomatoes feel very soft. 这些西红柿摸起来很软。
(2) look,sound,smell,taste,feel这些动词后面也可接介词like短语,like后面常用名词。
Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意听起来很有趣。
4. …because there were too many people.
too many在句中作形容词,意为“许多,大量”,后接可数名词。例如:
There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read.
房间里有太多的书了,你可以选择任何一本来读。
【拓展】too much / too many / much too的辨析:
词语
词形
特点
too much
形容词短语
后跟不可数名词,也可作代词短语
too many
形容词短语
后跟可数名词的复数,也可作代词短语
much too
副词短语
后跟形容词或副词
例如:
Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth.
不要吃太多的糖,对牙齿不好。
It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat.
外面太冷了,你应该穿上外套。
I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了,现在饱了。
You ask too many questions. 你问得太多了。
5. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
本句中的because of 是复合介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。例如:
He lost his job because of his age.
由于年龄关系他失去了工作。
He knew she was crying because of what he had said.
他知道她哭是因为他说的话。
【拓展】because和because of的辨析:
(1) because of和because是同义词,都可以表示原因,但是,because后面接句子,常用来回答why的提问,一般放于主句之后,也可以单独存在;而because of的后面用名词、代词或者动名词短语形式。例如:
I stayed at home because it rained.
因为下雨我待在家里。
Because Lingling was ill, she didn’t come to school.
玲玲因病没有上学。
— Why is she absent? 她为什么缺席?
— Because she is sick. 因为她病了。
We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain.
我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。
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