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高中英语学习资料:高一英语知识点总结

互联网2019-11-14 15:19

  3.先行词既包括人又包括物。例句:She talked about the writer and his works that interested her.

  不能用that的情况

  1.非限制性定语从句中。

  例句:He said he could speak three foreign languages, which is not true.

  2. 先行词本身是that。

  例句:I have that which you gave me.

  3. “介词+关系代词”结构。

  例句:The person to whom I talked just now is Tom.

  ◆现在完成进行时与现在完成时进行的比较:

  1.强调动作还未结束时,多用现在完成进行时;强调动作的结果时,多用现在完成时。例句:

  ①I have been painting the paining. (强调“一直在画”这个动作)

  ②I have painted the painting. (强调“画完了”这个结果)

  2.有些动词不能用在现在完成进行时中,但可用在现在完成时中。如:have, love, see等。例句:

  ①She has had a cold for a week.

  ②They have loved each other for three years.

  ③I have seen this movie.

  -ing形式:

  1. having done

  having done是非谓语动词中-ing形式的完成式,而doing则是其一般式,它们都与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系,只是doing与句中谓语动词同时发生或基本上同时发生;having done则表示动作或状态发生在句中谓语动词之前。

  [例句]

  ①Hearing the news, they got excited. (hear和get excited这两个动作几乎同时发生)

  ②Having arrived at the top of mountain, they took a rest. (arrive发生在take a rest之前)

  2.动词后接动词的-ing形式和不定式有些动词后既可接动词的-ing形式也可接to do形式作宾语,但意义有所不同。

  [例如]

  ① forget / remember / regret doing sth.表示动作已经发生;

  forget / remember / regret to do sth.则表示该动作未发生。

  ② mean to do sth.表示“打算做某事”;

  mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”。

  ③ try to do sth.表示“设法尽力做某事”;

  try doing sth.表示“试着做某事”。

  ④ stop to do sth.表示“停下来接着做另一件事”;

  stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”。

  ⑤ go on to do sth.表示“(做完某事)接着做另一件事”;

  go on doing sth.表示“继续做同一件事”(= go on with sth.)。

  ⑥ can’t help to do sth.表示“不能帮助做某事”;

  can’t help doing sth.表示“情不自禁地做某事”。

  3. have/has been doing

  have / has been doing是现在完成进行时的构成,强调动作的延续过程,动作可能还在进行。而have / has done是现在完成时的构成,强调动作的结果,该动作通常已经结束。

  [例句]

  ①I have written a book. (动作结束)

  ②I have been writing a book. (可能未写完,侧重最近一直忙于写书)

  高一的英语重要时态语法掌握了吗?

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