故宫

　　01

　　故宫(the Imperial Palace)位于北京市中心，是世界上现存规模最大、保存最完整的古代皇宫和古建筑群(architectural complex)。

　　这座历史悠久的宫殿，面积宏大，南北约千米，东西753米。整个皇宫相传共有9999个房间，分为外朝和内庭两部分。外朝是皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。内庭是皇帝的居住之地。

　　故宫建筑群是中国古代宫殿建筑(Palatial architecture)的典范，对东亚及其他国家的文化和建筑产生了重大影响。而今整个故宫成为国家博物馆，陈列着众多珍贵的古代文物(cultural relics)。

　　参考译文:

　　The Imperial Palace, located in the center of Beijing, is the largest, best preserved ancient imperial palace and architectural complex in the world.

　　The historical, spacious palace stretches about 1,000 meters from north to southand 753 meters on its east-west axis.

　　Altogether, there are 9,999 rooms inside the palace according to legend, which is made up of two parts: the outer court and the inner court.

　　The outer court was a place where the emperors exercised their power and held grand ceremonies. The inner court was the imperial residence.

　　The palace complex exemplifies traditional Chinese palatial architecture, and has influenced cultural and architectural developments greatly in East Asia and elsewhere.

　　Today the entire Imperial Palace functions as a national museum, where a variety of treasured cultural relics are exhibited.

　　难点点拨：

　　1. 第一个句子主语为“故宫”，后面跟着两个谓语动词“位于”、“是”;为使句子简洁，可将“位于北京市中心”译为过去分词短语located in...，放在主语the Imperial Palace后面作后置定语，也可译为定语从句which is located in...。

　　2.第二句中的“南北约千米，东西753米”都是表达距离，为了避免重复，使表达多样化，在翻译时将“南北”译作 from north to south，“东西”译为 on its east-west axis。

　　3.第四句“外朝是皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方”在翻译时可使用where引导的定语从句说明“外朝”是什么样的地方。

　　4.最后一句中，可将“整个故宫成为国家博物馆”作为主句。“陈列着众多珍贵的古代文物”隐含的主语是博物馆，因而此部分可译为where引导的定语从句，用“古代文物”作主语，使用被动语态。

　　(内容来源于网络，部分有改动)

　　黄鹤楼

　　02

　　黄鹤楼(Yellow Crane Tower)位于湖北省武汉市蛇山(Snake Hill),享有“天下江山第一楼”之称。它是江南最著名的塔楼之一。

　　由于地理位置优越，孙权将黄鹤楼建成军队瞭望塔(watchtower)。数百年来，其军事用途逐渐被遗忘，而主要被当做风景如画的景点欣赏。

　　唐代有许多脍炙人口的诗篇赞美黄鹤楼。正是这些诗，黄鹤楼才能如此著名，吸引人们前来参观。不同朝代，黄鹤楼有不同的建筑特色。然而，今天的黄鹤楼是基于淸朝塔楼建造的。

　　参考译文：

　　Located on Snake Hill in Wuhan, Hubei Province, Yellow Crane Tower is enjoying the fame of "The First Scenery under Heaven". It is one of the most famous towers at the south of the Yangtze River.

　　Due to the ideal location, it was built by Sun Quan, Emperor of Wu, as a watchtower for his army. After hundreds of years, its military function was gradually forgotten and the tower served mainly as a picturesque spot.

　　During the Tang Dynasty, many popular poems were written in praise of the Yellow Crane Tower. It was these poems that made the tower so renowned and attractive for people to visit.

　　The tower had different architectural features in different dynasties. However, the tower which stands today is based on the one designed during the Qing Dynasty.

　　难点点拨：

　　1. 位于湖北省武汉市蛇山：可译为Located on Snake Hill in Wuhan,在句中作状语，表明黄鹤搂的位置。

　　2.天下江山第一楼：可译为The First Scenery under Heaven。

　　3.脍炙人口的诗篇：即“流行的诗篇”，故译为popular poems。