初中英语试题:这九种同义句转换 考试可以提高至少10分
初中英语2019-04-08 14:26
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同义句转换题是近几年中考及初中三年期间英语的一个常考题型,它综合考查学生的语法、词汇、短语或习惯用语和句型结构等知识,要求运用所学的词汇、语法知识和句型结构填写句子,使句子结构完整、逻辑合理、语法知识无误、意思与所给句子相同。
1、运用同义词(组)进行转换
用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换,注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如:
1. That day we could see flowers here and there.
That day we could see flowers __________.
答案:everywhere
解析:everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。
2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.
The teacher always______ _____the children well in the school.
答案:looks after
解析:take good care of与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。
2、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换
即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思,主要考查学生对反义词(词组)的积累和换位思维的能力。如:
1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.
It’s clear that this visit is not the___ ___last time.
答案:same as
解析:be different from意为“与……不同”;the same as意为“与……相同”,其否定式与be different from同义。
2. I think wealth is less important than health.
I ___ think wealth is ___ important than health.
答案:为don’t,more
解析:less important的意思是“没有(不及)……重要”;more important的意思是“(比)……更重要”,该结构与not连用,则表示“不比……更重要”。
另外,有的反义词即使不与否定词连用,而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如:
He lent some money to his friend.
He friend ___ some money ___ him.
答案为borrowed,from
解析:borrow…from...意为“向……借……”;lend…to...意为“把……借给……”。两个结构意思相反,但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置,则可转换为同义句。
3、运用不同语态进行转换
即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义词,但此时要特别注意时态、动词一致性。如:
1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.
Library books should____ ____ ____ on time.
答案:be given back
解析:被动句中含有情态动词should,因此助动词用be。
2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.
It is widely accepted that computers ____ widely ___ in the world today.
答案为are,used
解析:computers是复数名词,助动词用are。
4、非延续性动词与延续性动词的相互转换
即非延续性动词与延续性动词进行转换,此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如:
1. The manager left two hours ago.
The manager _____ ____ ____ for two hours.
答案:has been away
解析:leave为非延续性动词,不能与for two hours这样的一段时间连用,而改成be away这样的延续性动词后,则可连用一段时间。
2. The film began five minutes ago.
The film has been _____ _____ five minutes.
答案:on for
解析:has been提示时态是现在完成时态,“for 时间段”表示“持续(一段时间)”,常用在含有现在完成时态的句子里。
3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago.
Mr Li _____ _____ _____ the Party for twenty years.
答案:has been in
解析:短暂动词join,意为“参加、加入(组织,政党)”,不能与延续时间状语连用,与延续性时间状语连用时,将join改成be in或be a member in…。
5、运用不同引语进行转换
即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等相应的变化。如:
1.“I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He _________ me that he _________ _________ his wallet.
答案:told,had found
解析:此题是将直接引语转换成间接引语。
2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He _______ _______ I had seen her the week _______.
答案:asked if/ whether, before
解析:此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。
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