Ladies and gentlemen,

　　女士们、先生们，

　　Since the start of this century, newer threats to health have gained prominence. Like the other problems that cloud humanity’s prospects for a sustainable future, these newer threats to health are much bigger and more complex than the problems that dominated the health agenda 15 years ago.

　　自本世纪初以来，新的卫生威胁愈发突出。和其它为人类可持续未来前景罩上阴影的问题一样，卫生面临的这些更新的威胁比15年前主导卫生议程的那些问题更大也更复杂。

　　All around the world, health is being shaped by the same powerful forces, like population ageing, rapid urbanization, and the globalized marketing of unhealthy products.

　　在全世界，卫生都受到同样强大力量的影响，包括人口老龄化、快速城市化和不健康产品的全球营销。

　　Under the pressure of these forces, chronic noncommunicable diseases have overtaken infectious diseases as the world’s biggest killers. This shift in the disease burden has profound implications. It challenges the very way socioeconomic progress is defined.

　　在这些力量的压力下，慢性非传染性疾病已经超过传染病成为全世界第一大死因。疾病负担方面的这一变化具有深远影响。它直接挑战人类对于社会经济进步的定义。

　　Beginning in the 19th century, improvements in hygiene and living conditions were followed by vast improvements in health status and life-expectancy. These environmental improvements aided the control of infectious diseases, totally vanquishing many major killers from modern societies.

　　自19世纪以来，卫生和生活条件的改善使人类健康状况大幅度改善，预期寿命大幅度延长。这些环境方面的改善有助于控制传染病，使许多主要死因从现代社会消失。

　　Today, the tables are turned. Instead of diseases vanishing as living conditions improve, socioeconomic progress is actually creating the conditions that favour the rise of noncommunicable diseases. Economic growth, modernization, and urbanization have opened wide the entry point for the spread of unhealthy lifestyles.

　　今天，形势发生了逆转。疾病没有随着生活条件改善而消失，相反，社会经济进步正在创造助长非传染性疾病增加的条件。经济增长、现代化和城市化为不健康生活方式的传播大开其门。

　　The world is ill-prepared to cope with NCDs. Few health systems were built to manage chronic if not life-long conditions. Even fewer doctors were trained to prevent them. And even fewer governments can afford to treat them.

　　全世界都没有做好应对非传染性疾病的准备。没有哪些国家的卫生系统是为了管理慢性乃至终身疾病而建立起来的。受过预防慢性病培训的医生数量更少。能够负担得起慢性病治疗的政府数量还要少。

　　In some countries, the costs of treating diabetes alone absorb from 25% to 50% of the entire health budget. As a recent Lancet Oncology Commission concluded, the costs of cancer therapy are becoming unaffordable, even for the wealthiest countries in the world. Many newly approved cancer drugs cost more than $120,000 per person per year.

　　在一些国家，单是治疗糖尿病的支出就占去整个卫生预算的25%至50%。正如最近《柳叶刀》肿瘤学委员会得出的结论，癌症治疗的费用将超出各国负担能力，即使世界上最富裕的国家也是如此。许多新批准的抗癌药费用超过每人每年12万美元。

　　The climate is changing. WHO’s recent estimate that air pollution kills around 7 million people each year has finally given health a place in debates about the consequences of climate change. Worldwide, this past July was the hottest since at least 1880, when records began. This year’s thousands of deaths associated with heat waves in India and Pakistan provide further headline evidence of the health effects of extreme weather events.

　　气候正在发生变化。世卫组织最近估计，空气污染每年造成约700万人死亡。这终于使卫生问题在有关气候变化后果的辩论中获得一席之地。刚过去的七月是自1880年有记录以来最热的。今年有数千人在印度和巴基斯坦热浪中死亡，消息占据了头条，也是极端天气事件造成健康影响的进一步证据。

　　Antimicrobial resistance has become a major health and medical crisis. If current trends continue, this will mean the end of modern medicine as we know it. WHO warmly welcomes the G7 health ministers declaration and the commitment it makes to address this crisis in all its multiple dimensions.

　　抗微生物药物耐药性也已成为主要卫生和医药危机。如果目前的趋势继续下去，这将意味着我们所知的现代医药的终结。世卫组织热情欢迎七国集团卫生部长做出的有关全面应对此危机的宣言和承诺。