选择城市
新东方网GMAT频道在此和大家分享闫晨晨老师为大家带来的GMAT中的qualify一词理解，希望对大家掌握GMAT考试有所帮助。
看到“qualify”，相信很多同学的内心活动是：使合格啊，这我中学就认识，呵呵 。
没错，“qualify”确实有“使合格”的含义，比如：Mr. Darcom is qualified to be the governor of Handong Province.
如果大家只知道“qualify”的这个意思的话，那就too young, too simple 了!
在GMAT阅读中经常会使用到qualify另外一个大家平时不了解的含义：to limit or restrict (限制)，而且这种含义的qualify还经常出现在选项里，如果不认识就真的挂了。来!光说不练假把式，我们来看到真题：
Why firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plans is poorly understood. However, theory and limited research suggest that the process through which such plans emerge may play a part. In particular, top management decision-sharing—consensus-oriented, team-based decision-making—may increase the likelihood that firms will adhere to their plans, because those involved in the decision-making may be more committed to the chosen course of action, thereby increasing the likelihood that organizations will subsequently adhere to their plans.
However, the relationship between top management decision-sharing and adherence to plans may be affected by a firm’s strategic mission (its fundamental approach to increasing sales revenue and market share, and generating cash flow and short-term profits). At one end of the strategic mission continuum, “build” strategies are pursued when a firm desires to increase its market share and is willing to sacrifice short-term profits to do so. At the other end, “harvest” strategies are used when a firm is willing to sacrifice marked share for short-term profitability and cash-flow maximization. Research and theory suggest that top management decision-sharing may have a more positive relationship with adherence to plans among firms with harvest strategies than among firms with build strategies.
Q:Which of the following best describes the function of the first sentence of the second paragraph of the passage?
A. To answer a question posed in the first sentence of the passage about why firms adopt particular strategic missions
B. To refute an argument made in the first paragraph about how top management decision-making affects whether firms will adhere to their strategic plans
C. To provide evidence supporting a theory introduced in the first paragraph about what makes firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plants
D. To qualify an assertion made in the preceding sentence about how top management decision-making affects the likelihood that firms will adhere to their strategic plans
E. To explain a distinction relied on in the second paragraph regarding two different kinds of strategic missions
本题想问我们第二段首句在文章中起到的作用。这是咱们GMAT中一种典型题目叫做句子作用题，想考察的不是单句句意，而是该句与文章其他信息之间的关系。我们会发现句首有很明显的“however”,所以这句与之前的行文方向肯定是不同的。下面我们再来仔细剖析一下该句与之前的关系。首段提出了一个看法： 制定计划的过程会影响一个计划到底是被adhere(坚持)还是deviate(背离)。比如，decision-sharing这种方式会加强一个计划被坚守的可能性。随后第二段开始转折，decision-sharing与adherence之间的关系可能会被strategic mission影响。到这，我们可以看出第二段首句是在削弱第一段的看法，给之前提到的decision-sharing与adherence之间的正向关系加了个限制条件。有了思路之后，我们来辨析选项。
A. 回答了文章第一句提出的问题。
错误。不符合我们分析出的功能。
B. 反驳了第一段的观点
错误。只是加了一个限制条件，而不是在反驳，refute一次程度太强。
C. 提供证据支持第一段的理论。
错误。与我们分析出来的功能正好相反。
D. 限制了第一段的看法。
正确。符合我们的分析
E. 解释了第二段对于不同strategic mission的区分。
错误。对于strategic mission的区分是之后的内容，不是第二段首句的功能。
正确答案： D
本题一直错误率比较高，很多同学掉了“qualify”的坑里。主要是由于大家不熟悉qualify作为限制这层含义，以为qualify是正向词，故很难选出正确选项。
“qualify”这个坑你填上了吗?
教师介绍：闫晨晨
对外经济贸易大学 金融工程专业。熟悉北美留学考试的本质，对其出题思路有着深刻的理解，擅长教授GRE/GMAT阅读及GRE填空。课上风格风趣易懂，并喜欢把文章阅读及解题思路都进行量化，达到学生的可操作性及实用性。同时，善于引导学生，发现学生做题中存在的问题、有针对性的解决并加以跟踪和强化;还可以帮助学生做时间规划，同时分享备考经验及出国申请经验。
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