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2018考研英语考试已经结束,方便考生及时了解英语二阅读真题动态,现对其进行解读。
第一、 题材没有太大变化,都是近两年反复考的话题,涉及到了教育,环境,数字经济和时间管理等,文章基本上是命题者从最新外刊上选取的。
第二、 文章的难度和2017年相比没有太大变化。第一篇和第四篇比较简单,第二篇和第三篇文章相对而言比较难,第二篇涉及到环境,大量的生僻单词,对于很多考生来说一个难点,第三篇文章涉及了数字经济,是四篇文章最有挑战性的一篇,大量的长难句结构加大了考生对句子理解的难度。
第三、 题目的设置依旧是对八种信息获取和处理能力的考查。具体来讲,就是理解主旨要义;理解文中的具体信息;理解文中的概念性含义;进行有关的判断、推理和引申;根据上下文推测生词的词义;理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;理解作者的意图、观点或态度;区分论点和论据。其中细节题占很大一部分比重。
第四、 题材和题目的涉及做到了易难结合,简单的文章,题目设计相对而言也比较简单,通过直接定位,基本上可以找到答案。难的文章不仅单词晦涩难懂,句子的结构也比较复杂,题目的设置考察的是句与句之间的逻辑关系。因此在考场上,真正的想要拿到高分,打好基础是关键。
此外提醒广大考生:如今的考研英语文章同样强调时效性,所以大家要养成多看外文期刊的习惯,做一些最新外刊的模拟题也是有必要的,也许在考场上会见到一篇同样话题的的文章。另外,阅读文章的题目设置一直都是有规律的,所以大家在打好基础的同时,后期也要重视不同题型的解题方法。
试题解析:
21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show student's lack of_______.
A. academic training
B. practical ability
C. pioneering spirit
D. mechanical memorization
解题思路:
根据题干关键词的信息(mention),我们可以得此题目相当于一道例证题,关键是要找例子支持的观点,做题的关键在于读懂段落后,找到例子,之前的信息多半是论点。通读第二段后发现,例子的信息在段落的结尾最后一句话,用括号把例子的范围括出来,然后读一下之前的内容应该为论点的信,即He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story.(特约撰稿人Stacy Teicher Khadaroo在本周的封面故事上说,“他在新罕布什尔一所中学教书,在这里,学习不是是课本,考试和死记硬背的一些内容,而是实用的一些东西”。)由此可见,题干中提到了坏掉的自行车链正说明学生缺乏实际的能力,所以B才是正确答案。
错误解析A. academic training(学术训练)和D. mechanical memorization(机械的死记硬背)对应文章里leaning is not something of books and test and rote memorization,所以错。C. pioneering spirit(开拓精神)不是例子所要证明的观点,而是Mr. Koziatek的性格特点
22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who______.
A. have a stereotyped mind
B. have no career motivation
C. are financially disadvantaged
D. are not academically successful
解析思路:
此题属于细节题,根据题干关键词(prejudice, vocational education, kids),我们可以定位到文章第四段But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.,而真正的定位句在这一段最后一句,for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.所以选择D( are not academically successful 学术上不成功),这道题,只要考生找到定位句,基本上都可以找到答案。
错误选项: A. have a stereotyped mind(刻板的思想) ,指的不是学生,而是学校,主语错了。 B. have no career motivation(没有职业动机) 和C. are financially disadvantaged(经济困难) 都属于无中生有。
23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates___________.
A. used to have more job opportunities
B. used to have big financial concerns
C. are entitled to more educational privileges
D. are reluctant to work in manufacturing
解题思路:此题属于细节题,虽然有infer(推理)词的出现,后面还出现了high school graduates的关键词,所以按照细节题来做,通过关键词定位到第五段,通读找到关键词所在的句子在The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. (美国经济曾经给高中毕业生提供的工作保障在很大程度上已经消失了),由此可见,高中毕业生过去有更多的工作机会,正符合选项A。
错误选项:B. used to have big financial concerns(过去有经济上的担忧), C. are entitled to more educational privileges(享有更多的教育特权)D. are reluctant to work in manufacturing(不愿意在制造业工作)都属于无中生有。
24. The headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all_______.
A. helps create a lot of middle-class jobs
B. may narrow the gap in working-class jobs
C. indicates the overvaluing of higher education
D. is expected to yield a better-trained workforce
解题思路:此题属于细节题, 通过题干中的关键词 (headlong push into bachelors degrees草率的推荐学士学位) 定位到第六段But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelor's degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill job, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.真正的定位句就在第一句But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.(但是急于让所有的学生获得学士学位---而贬低其他---忽略了一个重要的东西:这不是美国经济发展所需的唯一的东西。)正好对应C的选项 indicates the overvaluing of higher education(高估了高等教育),所以C是正确答案。
错误选择:A. helps create a lot of middle-class jobs (帮助增加了很多中产阶级的工作)对应文中54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill job,偷换概念,把middle-skill jobs (中等技能的工作)换成了middle-class jobs(中产阶级的工作)B. may narrow the gap in working-class jobs(弥补了工人阶级的工作空缺)属于无中生有。 D. is expected to yield a better-trained workforce(有可能会造就更多受过良好培训的劳动力)虽然字面正确,但是获得学士学位并不能直接培养出受过良好培训的劳动力,前后两者无直接关系,高等教育更关乎学术,培训劳动力更可能是职业学校的职责所在,本题是易错选项。
25. The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as_______.
A. tolerant
B. cautious
C. supportive
D. disappointed
解题思路:此题属于作者态度题,属于细节态度题,根据关键词定位到最后一段Koziatek's school is wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts. (Koziatek's school 是一个警钟,在教育中采用一刀切的做法,忽略了社会的多样性,多元性)由此可见作者对Koziatek’s 学校是持有肯定的态度。A. tolerant(容忍)B. cautious(小心谨慎)都是不选的
D. disappointed(失望的)作者没有失望,都应该排除掉。
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