选择城市
托福听力双选题的基本概念：
托福听力双选题考什么?
双选题并不是一种题型，什么考点都能出，常常出现于主旨题，句子功能题，态度题，细节题中。初听文章时仍按照每种题型下的重点来把握信息和解题。
其中，双选以细节题中最多，主要考查：
• 特征 (features, characteristics)
• 原因(reasons, factors, causes)
如何锁定托福听力双选题的信息点?
双选多选答案的分布：可能集中于一句话or一段话中，也可能贯穿分布于整篇文章中。
双选经常带有明显的并列提示词，提示词hin重要，帮助锁定双(多)选信息。有时提示词不明显，需要参考具体题型解法，参考如but类的其他重点提示词。
托福听力双选题如何计分?
需要选对两个选项，才能得分。
托福听力双选题的正确率高吗?
• 完美错过正确答案的很少，
• 最多的情况是选错1个。
那托福听力双选题如何选对2个答案呢?
分为初阶抓并列提示词，进阶抓对比形容词，高阶练就排除选项的火眼金睛。
一、初阶：
从并列提示词入手，抓点得分。哪些属于并列提示词呢?并列提示词对于文章和段落结构起到很好的承托作用。我们先来欣赏一段散文，一起找一找里面的并列提示词。
读书乐
人们常把求知勤学叫作“寒窗苦读”,而我大不以为然。读书之乐，不一而足;苦诚有之，乐亦无穷也。我虽年方十六，却也已读了十多年的书，自谓读书有三乐”。
·一曰释疑之乐。人是万物之灵，是已知万物中唯一有思想的生灵。既然有思想，就不免对纷繁复杂的大千世界生出许多疑问来。然而一个人的思想是有限的，不可能解决所以的疑问，有疑而不解，岂不令人遗憾?“丈夫当日知其所亡”，这就是必须借助于读书了。读一本书，就像有几十个，几百个几千个人在帮你打开心中的疑惑。有时一个令你百思不得其解的问题却通过读一本书而被轻而易举地解决了，于是郁结在心头的疑问烟消云散。
·二曰启思之乐。“书籍是人类智慧的钥匙”，如果把人的创造力比作一座蓄水池的话，那么书就是泄水的闸门了。历史上有很多创造发明正是受了书的启发，例如当年青霉素的发现者弗莱明，正当他在苦苦寻找一种新型抗生素时，他偶然读到了几十年前的一本关于抗生素的书，里面提到了一种能消灭细菌的霉菌，不久以后，青霉素问世了。当然对于我们大多数的人来说，读书或许还谈不上什么发明创造，但仍极具启迪作用。比如读《世界之谜》，书中的一连串的问号把你带到了一个无比美妙的未知世界，由此你的智慧得到了启迪和发展，这不是读书的妙处吗?
·三曰神游之乐。这世界的确是太阔大了。大至宇宙，小至原子。远的不用说，就连我们所生活的世界各地的佳境名胜，在人短暂一生中游历殆尽也是不可能的。这时，书又成了一种最理想的交通工具，上天入地极大至微，只要是人类思想所及的地方，他便能带你畅游一番。佳境在目，歌声若闻，山水皆伸手可及，这又是读书一乐。
当然，读书之乐不止这三种，又如正己之乐，知理之乐，可谓不可胜数也。诚然，有乐也必有苦，然苦能生乐，又何苦之有?
都找到了吗?这篇文章中的并列提示词就是起始段的“三乐”，以及二三四段的“一曰释疑之乐，二曰启思之乐，三曰神游之乐。”如果托福听力题目这么容易的话，我们就要偷着乐了。实际考试考点会稍作设计，没有这么容易判断，BUT，一般在要出双选题的地方，也会像这篇文章一样，有比较明显的总领句，如there be结构：There are several reasons;或省略there be：Two changes took place.然后下面再分述2-3个理由/变化。我们需要抓住的正是there be后面的“一曰，二曰，三曰”。可托福听力中可不一定有“一二三”，那我们就来看一下There be后列举的几种正常与非正常打开方式。
1)“First”列举后必跟第二点并列
正常打开：Second
非正常打开：now, OK, Next, And, also, the important aspect
最常见的分述方式就是列举了，说话人为了使自己的语言也有逻辑性，往往会在总领句后用first来表述第一点理由，我们首先抓住这一点。比如31-1中解释教授讲课顺序的理由时：“Now, there are some very good reasons to approach the material in this way. First, well, we don't have very much ancient Greek music studied. Only about 45 pieces survived uh...these are mostly records of poems and songs.” 随着叙述的推进，说话人可能忘记用计数表示列举，而改用其他代表说话逻辑的词来引出第二点理由“What we do know about - and this really is the most important reason I am approaching today's lecture the way I am - is the Greek philosophy about music and its continuing influence on western attitudes toward music. ” 虽然从结构上来说好像并不对称，但事实上应该被我们采用为答案。
锁定这两处并列提示词，我们看到题目时，就可以锁定答案了：
What two reasons does the professor give for approaching the lecture material as he does? 【Click on 2 answers】
A. we have a limited idea of what ancient Greek music sounded like
B. the Greek philosophy of music influenced western thought
C. Greek music shared many characteristics with other types of ancient music
D. Greek melodies were admired by musicians from other countries
2)“One is” 后面必出现第二点并列
正常打开：the other is
非正常打开：夹杂混淆视听的其他并列词，而隐藏考点并列词
有同学提问说：既然有无用的并列词，那笔记应该怎么记呢?
• 答：在看到题目之前，凡并列词都需要记录，格外注重自问自答/师生问答。
比如：22-3中的一题
According to theprofessor, what are the two main goals of Pleistocene rewinding? 【 Click on 2 answers】
A. To restore some evolutionary processes that ended during the Pleistocene epoch
B. To help prevent the extinction of certain species of megafauna
C. To increase populations of native animal species in the western United States
D. To create a living laboratory where animal interactions can be observed
就是采取正常引入方式：“Now, the advocates of Pleistocene rewilding cite two main goals. One is to help prevent the extinction of some endangered megafauna by providing new refuges, new habitats for them. The other is to restore some of the evolutionary and ecological potential that has been lost in North America.”
而32-4中的这题就“不太正常”：
According to the professor, what interior features of the house Irwin designed were especially beneficial? [Choose two answers]
A. Circular rooms with windows in the ceiling
B. Floors that were easy to clean
C. A large, spacious common area
D. A single-fireplace system that heated the entire house
其中有提示词提领的地方比较好判断“Yeah. The rooms inside the house were also hexagonal, six-sided. Hen. So one important thing was that the rooms were arranged around a chimney in the center of the house, which could provide heat for the whole house through flues, uh, small air passageways into each room, as opposed to having a fireplace in every room, which would require more cleaning and make the air inside the house dirtier.“
而另一处答案点则隐藏在后面的一处师生问答处
“Professor：OK. Think about cleaning. What part of a room is usually the hardest to clean? Like...to sweep with a broom.
Student：Oh! The corners. Because in square or rectangular rooms, the corners are at 90 degree angles. It’s hard to reach all the dust that gathers in the corners. But if Irwin's rooms were closer to a circle than a square, it would be easier to reach all the dust and dirt with a broom. Right?
Professor：Exactly.”
二、进阶：对比型双选
解题关键：对比形容词
在听到有对比形容词的时候，如Traditional- unconventional，如Large-small ，往往代表两种性质相反的事物A，B，就会出现考察这两种事物A，B特性的双选题。如27-3中的一题，Compared to small animals, what disadvantages do large animals typically have? Click on 2 answers
A. large animals require more food
B. large animals have fewer offspring
C. large animals use relatively more energy in digesting their food
D. large animals have greater difficulty staying warm
题干中就出现“small animal”和“large animal”的明显对比，而原文中则通过“fewer”“more”的数量对比来引出考点：“Biologically speaking, sauropods shouldn’t have been successful. Large animals like elephants, say, they require much more food and energy and have fewer offspring than smaller animals.”
三、高阶：无明显提示词,练就排除易混选项的火眼金睛
这种情况下的双选即无明显提示词，选项答案点在原文中分布也相对分散，给我们的判断造成了很大的困难。这时，除了在听文章时要通过我们在细节题中所提到的其他重点提示词来提炼信息，更需要在解题时通过选项中的“蛛丝马迹”，来帮助我们排出正确选项，提高答题的正确率。
比如32-C1中的这题：
What does the woman suggest the man should do to have the best chance of selling his book to the bookstore? [Choose two answers]
A. Ask his professor if the same book will be used next semester
B. Sell the book back as soon as the buyback period begins
C. Make sure the book is in good condition
D. Bring the original sales receipt with the book
我们暂且不看原文，而从题干和选项所呈现的事实中来判断。这篇提问男生如何才能有“best chance”向书店卖出他的书(此处是二手书)，best chance就限定我们一定要选出一个“机会最大”的选项，也就意味着要有比较的可能性，才有最高级。逐个看选项：A.问教授是否下学期还会用同样的书。做题时可以自问：如果下学期还用一样的书，男生的机率就最大了吗?相比较其他同学卖二手书的同学，他有何优势呢?并没有。再看B.趁回购期一开始就来卖。这里就具备了比较的条件，时间“先”“后”，比别人早来，可以更快卖出书。C呢，书保存得很完好。此处的比较是书的状态“好”“坏”的对比，有对比，就有突出的可能。比别人书的状态好，就能更快卖出。所以C也说得通。D.附上书的发票。这个可以是buyback的一个必须条件，但体现不出差别，因为别的同学也可以把发票带来。
以上的三阶段，是关于双选题的一些思考，在解决具体题目时，同学们可以参考以上的步骤，去寻找原文和选项中的这些线索，并反复听对应的原文音频，使自己不仅知道这些技巧，而且耳朵能够迅速反应出来。
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（实习编辑：莫颖）
