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以下内容是2019 年 12 月四级第一套选词填空解析(新东方石家庄学校)供各位考生参考！新东方网四六级频道第一时间更新公布英语四六级真题答案。同时广大考生还可以参与线上直播，与线上老师随时互动答疑，敬请广大考生密切关注2019年12月英语四六级真题解析专题。
Section A
Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory(呼吸道)viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in individual – had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick ,according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore , these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.
Prior to the new study, litter was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U.S. 34 side of a person infected with flu, as well as those sitting one roe in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 person chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.
A) accurate
B) conclusion
C) directly
D) either
E) evaluate
F) explorations
G) flights
H) largely
I) nearby
J) respond
K) slim
L) spread
M) summit
N) vividly
O) vulnerable
【答案】
26.B27.L28.K29.A30.O
31.C32.E33.G34.D 35.H
【解析】
26. 根据空前the，空后并未紧跟名词，所以确定此空应填词性为名词，根据句意，这是一个新研究的...，选项中B选项(conclusion结论)符合本句句意。
27. 此空在句子中充当谓语动词，根据时态、语态、情态确定动词的形式应为动词原形，根据句意“研究了呼吸道病毒如何在飞机上....”填入L选项(spread传播)符合句意。
28. 此空跟在冠词a与名词chance之间，可知要填形容词修饰chance，根据句意“只有独自乘坐飞机的乘客有高风险得病，所有其他的乘客只有(only)...的几率得病”可知，前后句表达相反意思，应填入K(slim)表示患病几率较小。
29. 此空跟在动词与名词中间，应填入形容词修饰information，根据句意可知“之前的研究并未呈现关于在飞机上患病的...信息，因此这些新研究会帮助乘客...”应填入A(accurate准确的)表示过去并未有过相关信息。
30. 根据前文可知，新研究可以帮助乘客更不(less)...对于得病，需要填入能跟to构成固定搭配的词表示不易得病，O(vulnerable 易感染的)符合，表示不易得病。
31. 此空跟在动词与过去分词之间，应填入副词进行修饰，表示...地被普通的病毒感染的风险，根据句意可知，C(directly)和H(largely)均可填入此空，根据之后35空可排除H。
32. 根据so可知，前句与本句构成因果关系，前句说垃圾与直接被病毒感染从而患病有关，因，所以，为了...感染的风险，研究团队开始进行研究，填入动词跟在to后构成to do，筛选选项，E(evaluate评估)无论是词意还是形式都符合。
33. 根据前文数字10与形容词different可知本空应填入名词复数形式，本篇文章一直在谈论在飞机上患病的可能性，所以填入G(flights航班)符合句意。
34. 根据后文提到有些研究者坐在患病者的前方或后方，那本句应表示研究者坐在患病者的任何一方D(either 两者之一)。答案应该是D either
35. 此空跟在be动词与形容词之间，可填入副词修饰safe，根据后文提到这些人只有百分之三的患病几率，筛选副词可知，其不患病的概率应该是非常高，H(largely极大地)表示程度很高。
二、长篇阅读部分：
2019 年 12 月四级第一套长篇阅读解析
新东方 石家庄学校 冯晓垞
A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own
A)Getting around a city is one thing — and then there's the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel.
In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses "rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale."
B)"The 18th century really was a waterborne(水运的)century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century — and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air," Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples. It has existed for just a few years." From the get-go, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness," says Kasada. "The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport."
C)Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea's Incheon Airport, its main international hub(枢纽). But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an "international business district" doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived(构想)this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. "I am a visionary," he says. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park's baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It's about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea. There's a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.
D)Chances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea." Gangnam Style" refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo."I don't know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo," says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning. "Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice."
E)The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that's not how it has turned out. Songdo's reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there's a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there's a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven — all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.
F)The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing strollers, old women with walkers — even in the middle of the day, when it's 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that's the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city — more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined." It's a great place to live. And it's becoming a great place to work," says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering(闪烁的)glass towers line the canal’s edge.
G)"What's happened is, because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here, what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here," he says. "There needs to be strong economic incentives." The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn't feel all that futuristic. There's a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.
H)But Star Trek this is not. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow." I'm, like, in prison for weekdays. That's what we call it in the workplace," says a woman in her 20s. She doesn't want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. "I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights." But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There's no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.
I)The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, too. Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, "like Mercedes or BMW. It's a good car now. But we're waiting for a good driver to accelerate." But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies
J)Songdo's backers contend that it's still early, and business space is filling up — about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. "There have been a lot of utopian(乌托邦的)cities in history. And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished entirely." In other words, when it comes to cities — or anything else — it is hard to predict the future.
36.Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.
37.The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.
38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.
39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.
40.Aieplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.
41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.
42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.
43.A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.
44.Acording to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what happen in the future.
45.Park Yeon So. Who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental conmection with the city.
【答案】
36.F 37. I 38. D 39. G 40.B
41.E 42. H 43. A 44. J 45.C 40题和43题答案错误
【解析】
36.由题干中的popularity可定位至可定位至F选项(popular Korean city) —并且题干中的 its quality of life thanbusiness attraction与选项中的more popular as a residential area than a business one.均表示受欢迎并非因为商业原因。
37.由题干中的The man可定位至I选项，并且题干中的 who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated(沮丧的)与选项中的disappointed为同义词替换。
38.由题干中的music video可定位至D选项，并且题干中的shot和选项中的filmed 是明显的同意替换。
39.题干中的 lacks the financial stimulus for businesses(缺乏对于商业的经济刺激)与选项中There needs to be strong economic incentives.(需要更强烈的经济激励)属于同意表达。
40.题干意思是飞机越来越成为主要交通手段，B段第三行becomes increasingly connected by air
41.选项中的The city was supposed to be a hub ... But that's not how it has turned out. (城市本应该是...但是事实并非如此)与题干中的 ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.(最终跟它预想的不同)构成同意替换。
42.由workplace可定位至H段，并且题干中complain about boredom与选项中的in prison for weekdays(在工作日犹如在监狱中)均表达工作无聊的意思。
43. 题干意思是商业教授说城市未来国际交通便利，定位倒数第二行未来城市应该从国际化角度考虑建在机场附近 build internationally around or near airports，A段正确。
44.由urban design professor, 可直接定位至J选项。并且题干中的difficult、 to foresee what happen in the future.与选项中 hard 、to predict the future.分别构成同意替换。
45.由专有名词Park Yeon So.、envision Songdo可定位C选项，选项中parental connection(父母连接)与baby(孩子)构成同义词替换。
三、仔细阅读部分：
2019 年 12 月四级第一套仔细阅读解析
新东方 石家庄学校 冯晓垞
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy(征税) 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.
Philadelphia's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement asoda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.
The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.
While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.
"The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages -including low-and no-calorie choices." said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association." But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it."
An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least S4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a "grocery tax."
Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. "The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America." Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It's not 'just Berkeley' anymore."
Similar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.
46. What does the passage say about the new by-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?
A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.
B) It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.
C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.
D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.
47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?
A) Bargain with the city council.
B) Refuse to pay additional tax.
C) Take legal action against it.
D) Try to win public support.
48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?
A) It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.
B) It tried to sending letters of protest to the media.
C) It kept sending letters of protest to the media.
D) It criticized the measure through advertising.
49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?
A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.
B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.
C) Add to the fund for their research on diseases.
D) Benefit low-income people across the country.
50. What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?
A) They are becoming rather sensitive issues.
B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.
C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.
D) They are taking away a lot of profit from the soda industry.
【答案】BCDBA
【解析】
46.【解题思路】
根据Philadelphia可定位至文章第二段，第二句话“它为全国范围内的类似举措设定了新的标准”说明全国其他城市也会效仿此做法。
【干扰选项分析】
A并未提及消费者行为，属于无中生有。
C并未提及将减少低收入社区的苏打水消费，属于无中生有。
D并未提及可能影响苏打水业务的营销策略，属于无中生有。
47.【解题思路】
根据题干中的opponents定位至第四段，反对者提出了尖锐的批评，并承诺在法庭上挑战税收，可表明反对者将诉之法律来表示反对。与C选项legal action against构成同意表达。
【干扰选项分析】
A与市议会讨价还价，文章中只提及反对市议会的投票，并未讨价还价，直接诉诸法律。属于概念混淆
B拒绝支付附加税，文章中说的是反对者将在法庭上挑战这项决定，并未提及拒绝支付，属于无中生有
D争取赢得公众支持，并未提及公众，属于无中生有
48.【解题思路】
根据industry-backed anti-tax campaign可定位至第六段，根据第一二句“一项由行业支持的反税运动已在广告上花费了至少400万新元，广告批评了这项措施”可知，反税运动通过广告批评该措施。
【干扰选项分析】
A它试图引起消费者的敌意。通过广告批判，有可能是面向消费者，但是原文并未提及，属于推理过度。
B它试图向媒体发送抗议信;C它不断向媒体发送抗议信。原文并未提及通过媒体发送抗议信的表达，无中生有。
49.【解题思路】
根据题干中的 public health groups可定位至第七段。第一句话总论，表明税收是迈向解决困扰美国人的某些持久性健康问题的一步。第二句话引用他人言论详细展开叙述，“从一个行业中夺回一小部分利润的举动，将在贫困社区推出有助于糖尿病，肥胖和心脏病的产品”可对应至B选项，长期存在的健康问题对应文章中糖尿病、肥胖症与心脏病，属于原文的同意概述。
【干扰选项分析】
A提醒人们糖引起的疾病的风险，未提及提醒，原文表达的是解决问题。
C增加对疾病研究的资金，原文表达的是“税收以便在这些社区进行再投资”，并非针对研究的资金，属于偷换概念。
D)惠及全国低收入人群。未提及低收入人群，无中生有。
50.【解题思路】
根据similar measures可定位至最后一段，第一句话“类似的措施正成为广泛讨论的争议问题”可知，这些问题成为了敏感问题(sensitive issue)，对应A选项。
【干扰选项分析】
B他们在苏打水行业中散布恐慌;C它们减少了糖引起的疾病的发生;D他们从苏打水行业夺走了很多利润;原文均未提及，属于无中生有。
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.
A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO₂ - the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change – at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment.” say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behavior. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.
However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO₂ in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.
51. What is the finding of the new study?
A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.
B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.
C) CO₂ emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.
D) The use of microwaves emits more CO₂ than people think.
52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?
A) They are becoming more affordable.
B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.
C) They are getting much easier to operate.
D) They take less time to cook than other appliances.
53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?
A) Cooking food of different varieties.
B) Improving microwave users’ habits.
C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.
D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.
54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?
A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.
B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.
C) The UK produces less CO₂ than many other countries in the EU.
D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.
55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?
A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.
B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.
C) It plays a positive role in environmental protection.
D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.
【答案】DABAC 51题答案错误
【解析】
51.【解题思路】
根据题干定位回到原文，来自第一段but 之后，a new study has found之前的句子，即为本题答案。原文：Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars，提到了微波炉的二氧化碳排放居然和7百万辆汽车的排放持平，这个说法和选项[D] The use of micromaves emits more CO2 than people think. 为同义替换选项。
【干扰选项分析】
A.快速烹饪微波炉变得越来越流行。原文中只是表达更换微波炉的速度加快，但并非能说明越来越流行。属于推理过度。
C.CO 2排放对环境构成重大威胁。首先原文中提及的是碳而非二氧化碳，其次并未提及对于环境的影响。属于概念偷换和无中生有
52.【解题思路】
根据题干中的 sales of microwaves expected to rise定位至第一段第三句话，但是第一个词This，代词指代需要向前去寻找指代内容，即第二句“随着成本的下降和厨房用具成为“状态”项目，业主在平均使用了8年后就扔掉了微波炉。”，可知销量上升是因为业主更换微波炉成本下降的原因，对应选项A
【干扰选项分析】
B它们的生命周期比其他电器要短。原文并未提及，只提及了更换微波炉的时间并不能看出其他电器的生命周期。属于偷换概念。
C它们变得越来越容易操作。原文中并未提及微波炉操作难易程度，更无法得出越来越容易的结论。属于无中生有。
D与其他电器相比，它们花费的时间更少。并未提及其他电器和时间。属于无中生有
53.【解题思路】
根据University of Manchester 可定位至第二段，根据第倒数第二句“根据同一项研究，减少消费的努力应集中在提高消费者的意识和行为上。”其中focus表示其给使用者的建议，可知，正确答案应对应B改善微波使用者的习惯。
【干扰选项分析】
A它试图引起消费者的敌意。通过广告批判，有可能是面向消费者，但是原文并未提及，属于推理过度。
B它试图向媒体发送抗议信;C它不断向媒体发送抗议信。原文并未提及通过媒体发送抗议信的表达，无中生有。
54.【解题思路】
根据题干中的David Reay可定位至第三段。第一句“尽管微波消耗大量能量，但与汽车相比，它们的排放量却很小。”可对应至B选项，汽车产生的排放远远超过微波炉。属于原文的客观事实同义转述。
【干扰选项分析】
B应该说服人们减少使用乘用车的次数。原文并未提及乘车次数，属于无中生有。
C英国的二氧化碳排放量少于欧盟其他许多国家。原文只是将欧盟所有的汽车碳排放量和微波炉进行比较，并未针对英国和其他欧盟国家进行比较，属于概念混淆。
D)需要更多数据来显示微波是否有害。原文并未提及需要数据显示微波炉有害，并且教授的观点认为微波炉碳排放远低于其他产品，对微波炉是正面评价。
55.【解题思路】
根据David Reay和题文同序可定位至最后一段最后两句话，“此外，微波使用的能量低于任何其他形式的烹饪。在用于烹饪的普通厨房用具中，微波炉是最节能的，其次是炉子，最后是标准烤箱。因此，微波销售的增长可以看作是一件好事。”可知，微波炉比其余所有电器都更加节能，对环境的影响也是最小的。对应C选项。
【干扰选项分析】
A在未来的几十年中它将不再流行。原文对于微波炉的评价是积极的，所以与原文的表达含义相反。
B它使日常烹饪更加方便。最后一段只针对于节能问题进行阐述，并未涉及日常烹饪的问题。属于无中生有
D比传统烹饪消耗更多的功率。原文中针对其他传统烹饪进行了排序，传统烹饪消耗的功率远高于微波炉，所以属于与原文含义相反。
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