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全国统一模拟冲刺试卷
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
— Band Six —
试 题 册
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注意事项
一、 将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上。将本试卷代号划在答题卡1 上。
二、 试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2均不得带出考场。考试结束，监考员收卷后考生才可离开。
三、 仔细读懂题目的说明。
四、 在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。考生按指令在接着的30分钟内完成听力理解部分的试题,并在答题卡1上作答。然后监考员收取答题卡1，考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。全部答题时间为130分钟，不得拖延时间。
五、 考生必须在答题卡上作答，凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。
六、 多项选择题每题只能选一个答案;如多选，则该题无分。选定答案后，用HB-2B浓度的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线。正确方法是: [A] [B] [C] [D]。使用其他符号答题者不给分。划线要有一定的粗度，浓度要盖过字母底色。
七、 如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按规定重新答题。
八、 在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the significance of the quality of being considerate. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Conversation One
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. A) To collect the money scattered in different places.
B) To work harder to get a raise in salary.
C) To work part-time even in rainy days.
D) To save money behind your parents’ back.
2. A) Because she gets a jar in her car for collecting the coins.
B) Because she leaves the change there after filling her car with gas.
C) Because she uses her car as a super large piggy bank.
D) Because she stores money there for some emergencies.
3. A) It’s convenient for her to withdraw money.
B) It’s difficult for her to operate a computer.
C) It’s impossible to get interests from an online bank.
D) It’s easy for her to bank her cash in an online bank.
4. A) To hide all her money somewhere in her home.
B) To learn how to shop for bargains online.
C) To find an inconvenient bank on purpose.
D) To be patient and persistent in money saving.
Conversation Two
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. A) People and farmland used up its water.
B) The loss of snowfall caused less water in it..
C) It is severely polluted by industrial activities.
D) It is losing a great deal of water in its flow.
6. A) A serious draught.
B) Increasing rainfall.
C) Global warming..
D) More greenhouse gas.
7. A) Cool-headed. B) Worried.
C) Cautious. D) Suspicious.
8. A) To plant more trees.
B) To join the western states.
C) To build more reservoirs.
D) To reduce carbon emissions.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. A) The high spirits after a long and good sleep.
B) The normal increase in levels of melatonin.
C) The high efficiency in dealing with emails.
D) The harm to one’s personal life and work.
10. A) It affects the quality of sleep.
B) It shortens the time of sleep.
C) It hurts people’s appetite.
D) It threatens to people’s hearts.
11. A) It might not be practical when people have outdoor activities.
B) It will not work well on some brands of phones or tablets.
C) It may not be effective in ensuring a good night’s sleep.
D) It could not have been designed in a short period of time.
Passage Two
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. A) Because they have to use their phones in many life situations.
B) Because they are crazy about new technological inventions.
C) Because they can gain much information from the Internet.
D) Because they have little chance to interact with others in real life.
13. A) Frequent use of medicine.
B) Obsessive use of social media.
C) Long emotional depression.
D) Serious hurt of the brain.
14. A) They use phones to view entertainment media a lot.
B) They have their phones since their early childhood.
C) They spend about four hours a day on their phones.
D) They tend to be glued to phones even in classrooms.
15. A) Developing more apps to help users deal with various situations.
B) Guiding parents to talk seriously with their child over phone use.
C) Helping phone users to cut down on the use of their phones.
D) Suing other phone manufacturers for copying their products.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) To ask their teachers for help.
B) To treat them like nothing has happened.
C) To encourage them to “reach out”.
D) To keep track of early signals in them.
17. A) Because they want to fight against their illness all by themselves.
B) Because they try to show to others that everything is fine with them.
C) Because they may feel it is a shame for one to have mental problems.
D) Because it could be a new change for achieving gender equality on campus.
18. A) To talk with them about mental health.
B) To remind them to take medicine on time.
C) To do physical exercise more frequently.
D) To ask for help from professionals online.
19. A) Carefully choosing what one’s going to say.
B) Fully engaging oneself in talks with the other person.
C) Trying hard to pull the other person out of the state.
D) Comfort the other person with nice platitude.
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A) Because it is mainly made up of water and sugar.
B) Because it contains a considerable amount of acid.
C) Because it is easy to be carried around by people.
D) Because it releases carbon dioxide when pouredout.
21. A) By taking the pain away.
B) By healing the sting completely.
C) By relieving emotional stress.
D) By killing the jellyfish.
22. A) Being much smaller in size.
B) Releasing a nicer scent when used.
C) Being much cheaper in price.
D) Working faster than other kinds of soap.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A) In the early morning.
B) In the middle of the night.
C) In the late night.
D) In the early afternoon.
24. A) It starts to lose heat.
B) It begins to get relaxed.
C) It begins to be excited.
D) It tends to be heavier.
25. A) It relieves us of the task of switching on a fan.
B) It leaves us turning and tossing all the night.
C) It helps us to burn a great quantity of calories.
D) It enables us to look more youthful next morning.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
When it comes to money, it turns out millennials aren’t that different than preceding generations, except for one major factor: They have much less of it.
Millennials have been 26 for “killing” a range of businesses, ranging from country clubs to chain restaurants like Applebees, because of a supposed 27 in generational shopping habits. The idea even sparked a Reddit page called “Blame Millennials,” where articles citing the death of various 28 are posted. People in their 20s and 30s are also often depicted as “avocado (鳄梨) toast eaters” and otherwise wasteful with their money.
But millennials really aren’t so 29 from previous generations when it comes to what they spend their money on, according to new research from economists at the Federal Reserve. Delving (钻研) into data on consumer spending, the researchers found that the millennial generation has 30 similar tastes as baby boomers and Gen Xers.
“We find little evidence that millennial households have tastes and 31 for consumption that are lower than those of earlier generations, once the effects of age, income, and a wide range of demographic 32 are taken into account,” the researchers wrote. “This conclusion also holds for spending on automobiles, food and housing.”
The financial situation of millennials can be 33 as “Less income, more debt”. Millennials took a hit by coming of age during the Great Recession, the economists wrote. It’s left them with lower income, even though their household income hasn’t changed much, which is 34 due to a higher rate of millennial women who are working compared with women in previous generations.
That’s not to say there aren’t generational 35 between millennials and older Americans. In fact, there are many. For one, they’re more diverse and better educated than any other generation, while also holding the lowest marriage rates. But that’s also been the case with past generations.
A) characteristics B) accelerated
C) remarkably D) approximately
E) shift F) summarized
G) struggled H) industries
I) blamed J) messier
K) allergic L) differences
M) pictures N) preference O) distinct
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Depression in Tweens Is On the Rise
[A] According to a recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the suicide rate for children aged 10 to 14 nearly tripled from 2007 to 2017, while the number of 12- to 17-year-olds who experienced a major depressive episode in the past year increased by more than 50%.
[B] Tweens often get the same illness as older teens do in studies, but they possess distinct characteristics and needs. Researchers reported in the journal Pediatrics, for example, that while 50% of parents were unaware of their 11- to 17-year old’s suicidal thoughts, younger adolescents were more likely than older teens to deny their pain. Younger teens and preteens also are more likely to have trouble distinguishing between the normal mood fluctuations associated with adolescence and clinical depression, and they’re more likely than older teens to have difficulty articulating their sadness.
[C] On top of these challenges, depression can seem unreasonable with a tween’s (10-12 岁小孩的) behavior. “When kids look like adults who are depressed, maybe they’re sad or slowed down, not eating or eating too much, sleeping too little or too much, we worry,” says Ken Ginsburg, co-founder and director of the Center for Parent and Teen Communication, and author of “Building Resilience in Children and Teens: Giving Kids Roots and Wings.” “The problem is that about half of adolescent depression looks like irritability or rage, and we see those young people as bad instead of sad, and therefore miss the opportunity to support them,” he explains. “We have a myth about adolescent moodiness that makes people see things as ‘normal’ when they may be danger signals.”
[D] To help spot problems, the American Academy of Pediatrics issued updated teen depression guidelines in 2018 that call for universal screening for depression for kids ages 12 and up. Only about 50% of adolescents with depression get diagnosed, and as many as 2 in 3 depressed teens don’t get treatment. Given the high risks, parents and educators need to understand, spot and address tween depression. Here are four ways they can prevent kids from falling through the cracks:
[E] To start off, parents should be ready to gather clues. “Occasional moodiness is normal, especially if at home, but extreme moodiness or rage is not n ormal,” Ginsburg says. “Parents need to check in with teachers, coaches and other adults to see if they’ve noticed a change, and then seek professional guidance.” A parent might ask: Does she appear less enthusiastic or involved in an activity or her classwork? Have you noticed changes in his attitude or interactions with friends?
[F] Collect data from your child, too. Take note if your tween has periods of intense sadness or makes suicidal comments, and watch for signs your tween might be self-harming. For example, teens who are cutting may wear long sleeves even in hot weather.
[G] Keep calm if your child says or does something disturbing. When tweens feel judged or criticized or anticipate parental drama, they’re more likely to shut down. When in doubt, tell your child that they deserve to feel better and can feel better, and then find a mental health professional who can conduct an evaluation.
[H] Next, you’re supposed to normalize asking for help. Ask your child to identify the adult he orshe would turn to if the child was feeling depressed, such as an aunt or uncle, neighbor or family friend. Self-identify as a helper too, but be clear that it’s OK if your child feels more comfortable approaching someone else first. The goal is to normalize asking for help and to encourage kids to anticipate what they would do if they felt overwhelmed by big or dark feelings.
[I] Parents should also encourage teens to seek help for a friend who’s suffering or clearly is miserable, unhappy or worse, talks about suicide. As tweens separate from their family, they prioritize peer relationships and may worry they’ll endanger a friendship if they’re viewed as a “snitch (告密者).” Explain that it’s always more important to save someone’s life and that some secrets are dangerous. Give your child the language to use with a friend. For instance, your child could say, “I care about you, but this problem is too big for me, so either you tell an adult or I’ll help you get the support you need.”
[J] To widen tweens’ safety nets, parents should spend time getting to know their kids’ friends and be sure to exchange information, especially worrisome details, with their friends’ parents. Tweens want meaningful ties to caring adults, but their sense of community and support often evaporates when they make the transition from elementary to middle school. They shift from one homeroom teacher to seeing as many as seven teachers a day, and they may not know any of the kids in their classes.
[K] Besides, parents should try to arm tweens with coping strategies. Tweens lack life experience and perspective and need help labeling emotions and coping with distress. Parents can’t protect kids from disappointment, but they can help them recover from a challenge and learn to build resilience. Urge your tween to practice self-care, including healthy sleep and eating habits, and help your child identify coping strategies, such as exercising, reading a book, listening to music or practicing mindfulness. Make sure kids have plenty of opportunities to express their emotions, whether they cry, journal, draw a picture or call a friend. Be a role model and share your own favorite coping strategies.
[L] Young adolescents also have trouble sitting with discomfort, so explain that no feeling lasts forever or at the same intensity, and help them “talk back” to distorted thoughts. Ask questions about a specific issue bothering them as a means for them to learn how to evaluate problems and determine if they are overreacting. When kids have a toolbox of strategies to draw from, they’re more positive and feel better equipped to handle big emotions. Encourage them to keep a log of approaches that work, whether they write them on Popsicle sticks or list them on an index card they keep in their books.
[M] Keep in mind that academics can become a source of anxiety and depression in middle school. The difficulty tends to increase just as tweens are becoming more aware of how they compare themselves to peers intellectually. Some may develop perfectionist tendencies, while others shut down entirely. Parents should maintain reasonable expectations, help to release the pressure and allow or find time for unstructured play
[N] And, parents should take even small, seemingly silly concerns seriously. Validate your tween’s concerns even if they make no sense to you. If your child says, “I’m depressed because I have no friends,” you’re going to want to remind the child of the many kids who adore him or her. Resist that temptation because it won’t help the child feel better. Instead, start with, “If I thought I had no friends, I’d be depressed, too.” You’re not agreeing, you’re communicating that you understand and, at the least, your child’s problem has been heard.
[O] Don’t minimize your child’s concerns no matter how ridiculous they seem. Listen carefully and neutrally, then ask your child what he or she needs from you. Above all, your most important role is to be a consistent and loving presence as your child navigates the intense highs and lows of young adolescence.
36. Parents are supposed to be someone who was loving and supportive as their children are dealing with the disturbing situations of adolescence.
37. Since most depressed teens usually go unnoticed, it’s time for parents and teachers to pay more attention to this problem and do more in identifying and addressing teen depression.
38. As teens get in middle school, the challenging and school tasks may cause youngsters to feel depressed while trying to catch up with their peers in study.
39. Parents are advised to keep calm when young children say or do something disturbing. Otherwise, children most probably will keep silent about their problem.
40. Parents tend to be unaware of their teens’ mental problems because young children are more likely to feel at a loss about their mental status than older ones.
41. When a child says he is depressed about a trivial thing, parents are expected to step into his shoes and take his words seriously even if they are seemingly silly or ridiculous.
42. After entering middle school, tweens may face a situation when there are fewer friends and less caring adults around them.
43. Parents should be mindful about danger signals in their teens, such as experiencing strong sadness or showing signs of self-hurting.
44. If a friend of your child feels somewhat depressed, parents are supposed to encourage their child to report the friend’s problem to a trustworthy adult.
45. Parents are urged to teach their depressed kids some effective strategies to evaluate their problems and hopefully solve them.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Researchers have found a vast number of animal remains—including those of fish—at a site in the Sahara Desert, casting new light on the ancient peoples who used to live there. Recent investigations at the Takarkori rock shelter in southwestern Libya’s Acacus Mountains revealed nearly 18,000 individual specimens, almost 80 percent of which were fish, according to a study published in the journal PLOS ONE.
The remains have been dated to between 10,200 and 4,650 years ago, covering much of the early middle Holocene period. The rest of the remains consisted of mammals while the team also found a small quantity of bird, reptile (爬行动物) and amphibian (两栖类的) remains. The researchers said that the animal remains were human food waste given that they displayed cut marks and signs of burning. This has implications for our understanding of the people who used to live in the area, indicating that fish was an important food.
“The key findings are no doubt the fish remains. Although not uncommon in early Holocene contexts across North Africa, the quantity of fish we have found are unprecedented in the central Sahara,” Savino di Lernia, from the Sapienza University of Rome, said. “The study adds fresh information about climate change as well as cultural adaptations. It is particularly intriguing that fish was common also in the diet of early herders.”
“I believe that the quantity of fish remains in the earliest layers of occupation is really stunning. I particularly like the fact that early herders were quite good fishers, and fish was an important staple food,” he said.
Today, the environment of the Acacus Mountains is windy, hot and extremely dry. But the fossil record here indicates that for large parts of the early and middle Holocene, the region—like other areas of the Central Sahara—was humid and rich in water, as well as plants and animals. During this period, the area was also home to prehistoric humans who left behind several notable rock art sites.
But over thousands of years, the area became increasingly dry and, thus, less capable of sustaining standing bodies of water that are home to fish. This change in the climate is reflected in the study results. Around 90 percent of all the animal remains dated to between 10,200 to 8,000 years ago were fish. However, this figure decreases to 40 percent between 5,900 and 4,650 years ago. This changing environment forced the hunter-gatherers who once relied on the fish to adapt and alter their diet, shifting towards eating more mammals over time.
According to the authors, the results provide, “crucial information on the dramatic climate changes that led to the formation of the largest hot desert in the world. Takarkori rock shelter has once again proved to be a fundamental place to reconstruct the complex dynamics between ancient human groups and their environment in a changing climate.”
46. What did the PLOS ONE study find at a site in the Sahara Desert?
A) Fishing tools.
B) Rock art works.
C) Human bones.
D) Animal remains.
47. By what evidence did researchers decide that the findings could be food waste of ancient people?
A) Traces of cutting and burning.
B) Estimated history of fish fossils.
C) Different specimens of wild animals.
D) Cooking tools found at the site.
48. According to Savino di Lernia, what’s peculiar about the findings in the research?
A) Ancient Africans fed on different kinds of food, including mammals.
B) Africa has been rich in wild animals since the prehistoric time.
C) Fish was once widely consumed as a food in early history of North Africa.
D) Many animals migrated regularly from North Africa to the Sahara Desert.
49. What did scientists find about the environment of the Acacus Mountains?
A) It has been hot and dry since thousands of years ago.
B) It was warm and damp, and rich in water long time ago.
C) It has been transformed by Africans’ agricultural activities.
D) It is much the same as it used to be thousands of years ago.
50. What’s the significance of scientists’ study results?
A) Gaining insight into ancient Africans’ architectures.
B) Defining the benefits of changing eating habits.
C) Finding the root causes behind the formation of the Sahara Desert.
D) Providing the evidence for the effects of global warming.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Lots of traits are statistically rare among human beings: Left-handedness (just 10 percent of the population!), curly hair (11 percent!), and blond hair (4 percent!), to name a few. But of the more than seven billion people on the planet, only 2 percent can claim to have this one special trait. To put that in perspective, that’s 140 million people in the world.
So what’s this rare trait only one in fifty of us possess? Green eyes. That’s right, just 2 percent of the world’s population is lucky enough to have them, green eyes, according to World Atlas.
Most of us will be surprised when trying to compare that to other eye colors. For example, some 79 percent of the world population has brown eyes, while 8 percent has blue. About 5 percent of people have hazel eyes and another 5 percent have amber eyes. To put it concisely, green eyes are incredibly unique, given that so small a proportion of the world population possess them. Unique enough, in fact, to give Chris Martin the inspiration that would make Coldplay an overnight success.
Green eyes are most commonly seen in Central, Western, and Northern Europe, and typically point to Celtic or German ancestry. At the moment, they are most prevalent in such countries like Britain, Iceland, the Netherlands, Scotland, Estonia, and Scandinavia. As a matter of fact, according to a study conducted by ScotlandsDNA, in Britain, brown eyes are rarer than green. That is, in Britain, 22 percent of the population has brown eyes, compared to the jaw-dropping 30 percent that has green.
Despite green eyes being such a rarity, numerous characters in literature and film have them, perhaps to convey a sense of mystery. In fact, many researchers believe that eye color is a true indicator of personality of an individual. For example, several researchers from the University of Queensland and the University of New South Wales found that people with this trait tended to be less agreeable, more competitive, creative, devious (不诚实的), and shy.
So there you have it. If eyes truly are the windows of the soul, that means that people with green eyes possess the rarest souls on the planet.
51. According to the passage, what is said of the trait of having green eyes?
A) It is one of the rarest traits among human beings.
B) It distinguishes people of different races.
C) It helps to separate people of different ancestries.
D) It boosts the confidence of a person with this trait.
52. What do we learn about people with different eye colors?
A) Green-eyed people are more likely to be unusually talented in music.
B) Brown-eyed people account for a major portion of the global population.
C) Blue-eyed people tend to be more mysterious than people of other eye colors.
D) Black-eyed people mainly live in eastern and southern parts of the world.
53. What does the ScotlandsDNA study reveal about the eye color of the British?
A) There’re more blue-eyed people than in Central Europe.
B) There’re more green-eyed people than brown-eyed ones.
C) There’re more brown-eyed people than green-eyed ones.
D) There’re more blue-eyed people working in the film industry.
54. In some researchers’ eyes, what does eye color mean to a certain individual?
A) It points to the past experiences in his life.
B) It decides his way of interacting with others.
C) It defines the extent of his success in life or at work.
D) It indicates a great deal of his personality.
55. What’s the most suitable title for this passage?
A) The traits of green-eyed people.
B) The rarity of green eyes.
C) The evolution of green eyes.
D) The benefits of having green eyes.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
一群男孩正在参加一场足球比赛。除了他们耳朵上的听力装置，他们似乎与其他学生没有什么不同。所有选手都是中国西北甘肃省白银特殊教育学校的学生。大多数男孩从出生起就患有先天性听力损失。他们必须学会通过阅读唇语和手语来与人交流。执行教练的战术和策略是取胜的关键因素，但在他们沉默的世界里，这却是极度困难的。幸运的是，教练和孩子们克服了这个障碍。该队曾经在聋人五人赛中获得第三名，并荣获体育精神奖。在某种程度上，足球弥补了这些孩子的心理和生理缺陷，培养了他们的团队合作意识和优秀的品格。
