Part 1 状语从句 (一)时间状语从句:表示时间关系，通常有以下主要引导词:
   表示“当......的时候”
when, while, as, just as, next time, the last time, each time, every time, whenever
  表示“一......就.......”
as soon as, once, hardly...when / before, scarcely... when / before, no sooner...than, directly, immediately, instantly, the moment / second / minute
其它时间
by the time 到......的时候, it is the first / second time..., not ...until 直到......才......, till 直到......的 时候, since 自从, ever since 自从
(二)地点状语从句:表示地点，主要由where，wherever，anywhere， everywhere来引导。
例如:Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 (三)方式状语从句:表示“以⋯⋯的方式”，主要有以下引导词。

as... 像，正如 (just) as...so... 正如......，......也...... as if... 好像，仿佛 as though... 好像，仿佛
the way... 以......的方式

特别提醒

注意as if和as though两者的意义和用法相同，引导的方式状语从句既可 用虚拟语气也可用陈述语气，需考生正确判断从句表达的意思是与既定事 实或实现的可能性较大还是与事实相反或几乎不可能实现。如:

The old lady treats me as if / as though I were her own son. (与事实 相反)这位老妇待我像她亲儿子一样。

It looks as if the weather may clear soon. (实现的可能性较大)

 看起来天气很快就会晴朗了。

(四)原因状语从句:其主要引导词有:

                   as... 由于
since... 既然
considering (that)... 鉴于，顾及到

特别提醒
because... 因为 now that... 既然 seeing (that)... 鉴于
         in as / so much as... 因为
not because...but because... 不是因为 ......而是因为......
in that... 因为，在于
 
 注意以下原因状语引导词之间的差别:in that表示“是因为，在于” 之意，有解释说明的含义;而now that意为“既然”，表示显而易见的原 因;considering (that)，seeing (that) 意为“鉴于，顾及到，考虑到”。 (五)结果状语从句:表示结果，主要有以下引导词。
  so...that... 如此......以至于
such...that... 如此......以至于
with the result that... 结果是
so much so that... 如此......以至于
  to the degree that... 以至于
to such a degree that... 以至于
to the extent that... 以至于，到......的 地步
 特别提醒

注意结果状语从句与目的状语从句的区别。目的状语从句的引导词不 同于结果状语从句的引导词，主要有:that (以便);so that(以便); in order that(以便);for the purpose that (以便);lest(以免);for fear that(以免);in case(以防，以免);in the hope that(以望)。 其中lest引导的目的状语从句中需使用虚拟语气。 (六)让步状语从句:含有“虽然、尽管、即使”之意，其主要引导词有:

in spite of the fact that ... 尽管 while 尽管; much as 不管......;尽管...... for all that 尽管

特别提醒

1.用了although或though，就一定不能在后面的从句同时用but，但是 though可以和yet连用。

Although they were very tired, they were still working.

 虽然他们十分疲劳，但仍然在工作。

2.no matter + 疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，可用疑问词+ ever来引导主语从句和宾语从句。

(错)No matter what he says has nothing to do with me. (对)Whatever he says has nothing to do with me.

他说的任何话都与我无关。
3.as / though引导的让步状语从句需倒装，通常将强调的部分置于句首。 Young as he was / Child as he was, he could do some housework for

his mother. 尽管他还小/ 尽管他还是个孩子，却可以替母亲做一些家务活。
  though / although 虽然
even if / even though 即使
no matter + 疑问词 无论......
(eg. no matter what / who/ when ...)
疑问词+ ever 无论......
(e.g. whatever, whoever, whenever, ...)
     as / though 尽管
granted / granting (that) 虽然;尽管
 
(七)条件状语从句:表示条件或假设，通常由以下连词及分词引导:

   If... 如果
as long as... 只要
on condition that... 条件是 provided / proving (that)... 假如 suppose/supposing that... 假如 say... 假如

特别提醒

 祈使句也可以表示条件，如:

unless... 如果不;除非
so long as... 只要
in the event that... 如果;在......的情况下 given that... 如果
assuming (that)... 假如
                       Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快点，不然我们会迟到的。 (八)比较状语从句:可粗略分为同级比较和不同级比较，同级比较通常 由as引导，不同级比较通常由than引导。几种特殊引导形式如下:

the more / less...the more / less... 越......，越...... just as..., so ... 正如......，......也......
Ais to B what / as C is to D A之于B就如C之于D一样 As A is to B, (so) C is to D 正如A之于B，C也之于D no (not any) more... than... ......与......都不......

no (not any) less...than... ......与......一样都...... not so much...as... 与其说......不如说......

特别提醒

注意比较从句中的省略结构，可以把该结构中的than或as当成关系代 词，尤其需注意根据省略的主语来选择谓语动词的单复数及时态语态。例 如:

He has paid more money than has been estimated before.

 他付的钱比原先估计的要多。

(九)对比状语从句:表示对比，主要由while或whereas来引导。 The soles are leather, while the uppers are canvas.
              
鞋跟是皮的，而鞋面是帆布的。

Distance inhibits the flow of ideas between countries whereas trade enhances it. 国与国的距离牵制了思想的传播，而国家间的贸易往来却增进 了思想的传播。