真题
中国的传统节日重阳节，又称“老人节”，在农历九月九日庆祝。这个节日有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到两千多年前的汉代。重阳节的核心主题是敬老和登高。在这一天，人们会登高远望，欣赏自然美景，同时也会举行各种敬老活动，表达对长辈的尊重和关爱。此外，重阳节还有插茱萸、喝菊花酒等习俗。茱萸被认为可以驱邪避灾，而菊花酒则象征着长寿和健康。重阳节不仅是对传统文化的传承，也是对家庭和社会和谐的一种体现。
 
参考译文
The Double Ninth Festival, also known as the "Elderly Day," is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. This festival has a long history, dating back over two thousand years to the Han Dynasty. The core themes of the Double Ninth Festival are respect for the elderly and mountain climbing. On this day, people climb mountains to enjoy the natural beauty and also hold various activities to show respect and care for the elderly. In addition, the festival includes customs such as wearing dogwood and drinking chrysanthemum wine. Dogwood is believed to ward off evil and disasters, while chrysanthemum wine symbolizes longevity and health. The Double Ninth Festival is not only a continuation of traditional culture but also a reflection of family and social harmony.
 
翻译要点分析
节日名称和时间的描述
“中国的传统节日重阳节，又称‘老人节’，在农历九月九日庆祝”
翻译为：The Double Ninth Festival, also known as the "Elderly Day," is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month。
使用“also known as”来表达“又称……”，“is celebrated on...”说明庆祝的时间。
“这个节日有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到两千多年前的汉代”
翻译为：This festival has a long history, dating back over two thousand years to the Han Dynasty。
使用“dating back to”来表达“可以追溯到……”，“over two thousand years”说明具体的时间长度。
节日主题的描述
“重阳节的核心主题是敬老和登高”
翻译为：The core themes of the Double Ninth Festival are respect for the elderly and mountain climbing。
使用“core themes”来表达“核心主题”，“respect for the elderly”对应“敬老”，“mountain climbing”对应“登高”。
“在这一天，人们会登高远望，欣赏自然美景，同时也会举行各种敬老活动，表达对长辈的尊重和关爱”
翻译为：On this day, people climb mountains to enjoy the natural beauty and also hold various activities to show respect and care for the elderly。
使用“climb mountains to enjoy the natural beauty”来表达“登高远望，欣赏自然美景”，“hold various activities to show respect and care for the elderly”对应“举行各种敬老活动，表达对长辈的尊重和关爱”。
节日习俗的描述
“此外，重阳节还有插茱萸、喝菊花酒等习俗”
翻译为：In addition, the festival includes customs such as wearing dogwood and drinking chrysanthemum wine。
使用“in addition”来表达“此外”，“customs such as...”列举具体习俗。
“茱萸被认为可以驱邪避灾，而菊花酒则象征着长寿和健康”
翻译为：Dogwood is believed to ward off evil and disasters, while chrysanthemum wine symbolizes longevity and health。
使用“is believed to”来表达“被认为可以……”，“ward off evil and disasters”对应“驱邪避灾”，“symbolizes longevity and health”对应“象征着长寿和健康”。
节日意义的描述
“重阳节不仅是对传统文化的传承，也是对家庭和社会和谐的一种体现”
翻译为：The Double Ninth Festival is not only a continuation of traditional culture but also a reflection of family and social harmony。
使用“not only... but also...”结构来表达“不仅……而且……”，“a continuation of traditional culture”对应“对传统文化的传承”，“a reflection of family and social harmony”对应“对家庭和社会和谐的一种体现”。
 
翻译技巧
使用被动语态
在描述茱萸和菊花酒的作用时，使用被动语态（如“is believed to”），使句子更加客观。
列举法
使用“such as...”来列举节日习俗，使句子更加简洁明了。
定语从句的运用
在描述节日主题时，使用定语从句“to show respect and care for the elderly”来进一步说明敬老活动的目的。
固定搭配
使用“dating back to”“core themes”“ward off evil and disasters”“symbolizes longevity and health”等固定搭配，使翻译更加地道。