真题
中国的传统节日清明节，又称“踏青节”，在每年的4月4日至6日之间，是纪念祖先和扫墓的日子。清明节期间，人们会前往祖先的墓地，清理杂草，献上鲜花和祭品，表达对先人的敬意和怀念。除了扫墓，清明节还有踏青、放风筝等传统活动。踏青是指在春天的田野中散步，享受大自然的美景。放风筝则是一种受欢迎的户外活动，象征着放飞希望和梦想。清明节不仅是一个纪念先人的节日，也是一个感受自然和放松身心的时刻。
 
参考译文
The Qingming Festival, also known as the "Tomb-Sweeping Day" or "Spring Outing Festival," falls between April 4th and 6th each year. It is a day to commemorate ancestors and sweep their graves. During the Qingming Festival, people visit their ancestors' graves to clear away weeds, offer flowers and sacrifices, and express their respect and remembrance for the deceased. In addition to tomb sweeping, the festival also includes traditional activities such as spring outings and kite flying. Spring outings refer to walking in the fields in spring to enjoy the beauty of nature. Kite flying is a popular outdoor activity that symbolizes the release of hopes and dreams. The Qingming Festival is not only a time to honor ancestors but also an opportunity to appreciate nature and relax.
 
翻译要点分析
节日名称和时间的描述
“中国的传统节日清明节，又称‘踏青节’，在每年的4月4日至6日之间”
翻译为：The Qingming Festival, also known as the "Spring Outing Festival," falls between April 4th and 6th each year。
使用“also known as”来表达“又称……”，“falls between... and...”说明具体时间范围。
“是纪念祖先和扫墓的日子”
翻译为：It is a day to commemorate ancestors and sweep their graves。
使用“a day to...”来表达“……的日子”，“commemorate ancestors”对应“纪念祖先”，“sweep their graves”对应“扫墓”。
节日习俗的描述
“清明节期间，人们会前往祖先的墓地，清理杂草，献上鲜花和祭品，表达对先人的敬意和怀念”
翻译为：During the Qingming Festival, people visit their ancestors' graves to clear away weeds, offer flowers and sacrifices, and express their respect and remembrance for the deceased。
使用“visit their ancestors' graves to...”来表达“前往祖先的墓地……”，“clear away weeds”对应“清理杂草”，“offer flowers and sacrifices”对应“献上鲜花和祭品”，“express their respect and remembrance for the deceased”对应“表达对先人的敬意和怀念”。
“除了扫墓，清明节还有踏青、放风筝等传统活动”
翻译为：In addition to tomb sweeping, the festival also includes traditional activities such as spring outings and kite flying。
使用“in addition to”来表达“除了……之外”，“includes... such as...”列举传统活动。
具体活动的描述
“踏青是指在春天的田野中散步，享受大自然的美景”
翻译为：Spring outings refer to walking in the fields in spring to enjoy the beauty of nature。
使用“refer to”来表达“是指……”，“walking in the fields in spring”对应“在春天的田野中散步”，“enjoy the beauty of nature”对应“享受大自然的美景”。
“放风筝则是一种受欢迎的户外活动，象征着放飞希望和梦想”
翻译为：Kite flying is a popular outdoor activity that symbolizes the release of hopes and dreams。
使用“is a popular outdoor activity”来表达“是一种受欢迎的户外活动”，“symbolizes the release of hopes and dreams”对应“象征着放飞希望和梦想”。
节日意义的描述
“清明节不仅是一个纪念先人的节日，也是一个感受自然和放松身心的时刻”
翻译为：The Qingming Festival is not only a time to honor ancestors but also an opportunity to appreciate nature and relax。
使用“not only... but also...”结构来表达“不仅……而且……”，“a time to honor ancestors”对应“纪念先人的节日”，“an opportunity to appreciate nature and relax”对应“感受自然和放松身心的时刻”。
 
翻译技巧
使用被动语态
在描述节日习俗时，使用被动语态（如“offer flowers and sacrifices”），使句子更加客观。
列举法
使用“such as...”来列举传统活动，使句子更加简洁明了。
定语从句的运用
在描述放风筝时，使用定语从句“that symbolizes the release of hopes and dreams”来进一步说明其象征意义。
固定搭配
使用“falls between... and...”“a day to...”“in addition to”“refer to”“symbolizes”等固定搭配，使翻译更加地道。