真题
中国的传统节日冬至，又称“冬节”，在每年的12月21日至23日之间。冬至是中国农历中一个重要的节气，这一天是北半球一年中白昼最短、黑夜最长的一天。在中国传统文化中，冬至被视为一个重要的时间节点，象征着阴阳消长和季节的转换。冬至的传统习俗包括吃饺子、汤圆等食物。在北方，人们通常会在冬至这一天吃饺子，认为可以防止冻耳朵；而在南方，人们则更倾向于吃汤圆，象征着团圆和美满。此外，冬至也是一个适合养生的时节，许多人会选择在这个时候进行身体调理，以增强免疫力，迎接寒冷的冬季。
 
参考译文
The Winter Solstice, also known as the "Winter Festival," falls between December 21st and 23rd each year. It is an important solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar, marking the day with the shortest daylight and the longest night in the Northern Hemisphere. In traditional Chinese culture, the Winter Solstice is regarded as an important time node, symbolizing the waxing and waning of yin and yang and the transition of seasons. Traditional customs of the Winter Solstice include eating dumplings and tangyuan. In the north, people usually eat dumplings on this day, believing that it can prevent frozen ears; while in the south, people prefer to eat tangyuan, symbolizing reunion and completeness. In addition, the Winter Solstice is also a good time for health preservation, and many people choose to adjust their bodies during this period to enhance their immunity and prepare for the cold winter.
 
翻译要点分析
节日名称和时间的描述
“中国的传统节日冬至，又称‘冬节’，在每年的12月21日至23日之间”
翻译为：The Winter Solstice, also known as the "Winter Festival," falls between December 21st and 23rd each year。
使用“also known as”来表达“又称……”，“falls between... and...”说明具体时间范围。
“冬至是中国农历中一个重要的节气”
翻译为：It is an important solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar。
使用“solar term”来表达“节气”，“important”强调其重要性。
节日特点的描述
“这一天是北半球一年中白昼最短、黑夜最长的一天”
翻译为：marking the day with the shortest daylight and the longest night in the Northern Hemisphere。
使用“marking...”来说明这一天的特点，“the shortest daylight and the longest night”对应“白昼最短、黑夜最长”。
“在中国传统文化中，冬至被视为一个重要的时间节点，象征着阴阳消长和季节的转换”
翻译为：In traditional Chinese culture, the Winter Solstice is regarded as an important time node, symbolizing the waxing and waning of yin and yang and the transition of seasons。
使用“is regarded as”来表达“被视为……”，“symbolizing...”说明其象征意义。
节日习俗的描述
“冬至的传统习俗包括吃饺子、汤圆等食物”
翻译为：Traditional customs of the Winter Solstice include eating dumplings and tangyuan。
使用“include...”来列举传统习俗。
“在北方，人们通常会在冬至这一天吃饺子，认为可以防止冻耳朵；而在南方，人们则更倾向于吃汤圆，象征着团圆和美满”
翻译为：In the north, people usually eat dumplings on this day, believing that it can prevent frozen ears; while in the south, people prefer to eat tangyuan, symbolizing reunion and completeness。
使用“usually eat dumplings”和“prefer to eat tangyuan”分别描述北方和南方的习俗，“believing that...”和“symbolizing...”分别说明其背后的寓意。
节日意义的描述
“此外，冬至也是一个适合养生的时节，许多人会选择在这个时候进行身体调理，以增强免疫力，迎接寒冷的冬季”
翻译为：In addition, the Winter Solstice is also a good time for health preservation, and many people choose to adjust their bodies during this period to enhance their immunity and prepare for the cold winter。
使用“a good time for health preservation”来表达“适合养生的时节”，“choose to adjust their bodies”对应“进行身体调理”，“enhance their immunity and prepare for the cold winter”说明其目的。
 
翻译技巧
使用被动语态
在描述冬至的象征意义时，使用被动语态（如“is regarded as”），使句子更加客观。
列举法
使用“include...”来列举冬至的传统习俗，使句子更加简洁明了。
定语从句的运用
在描述北方和南方的习俗时，使用定语从句“believing that...”和“symbolizing...”来进一步说明其背后的寓意。
固定搭配
使用“falls between... and...”“marking the day with...”“is regarded as”“a good time for...”“enhance their immunity”等固定搭配，使翻译更加地道。