真题
中国的传统节日七夕节，又称“牛郎织女节”，在农历七月初七庆祝。七夕节源于中国古代的神话传说，讲述了牛郎和织女这对被银河分隔的恋人，每年只能在这一天通过鹊桥相会一次。七夕节是中国的情人节，情侣们会在这一天互赠礼物，表达爱意。此外，七夕节还有穿针乞巧、拜织女等传统习俗。穿针乞巧是一种古老的女性活动，她们通过穿针引线来祈求巧手和智慧。拜织女则是希望从织女那里获得纺织和刺绣的技艺。七夕节不仅是一个浪漫的节日，也是一个传承中国传统文化的重要节日。
 
参考译文
The Qixi Festival, also known as the "Qiniao Festival," is celebrated on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month. The Qixi Festival originates from an ancient Chinese mythological tale about the lovers, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, who are separated by the Milky Way and can only meet once a year on this day by crossing the magpie bridge. The Qixi Festival is considered China's Valentine's Day, where couples exchange gifts and express their love for each other. In addition to gift-giving, the festival also includes traditional customs such as the needle-threading competition and worshipping the Weaver Girl. The needle-threading competition is an ancient activity for women, who pray for skillful hands and wisdom by threading needles. Worshipping the Weaver Girl is a practice to seek skills in weaving and embroidery from her. The Qixi Festival is not only a romantic festival but also an important occasion for the continuation of Chinese traditional culture.
 
翻译要点分析
节日名称和时间的描述
“中国的传统节日七夕节，又称‘牛郎织女节’，在农历七月初七庆祝”
翻译为：The Qixi Festival, also known as the "Qiniao Festival," is celebrated on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month。
使用“also known as”来表达“又称……”，“is celebrated on...”说明庆祝的时间。
“七夕节源于中国古代的神话传说”
翻译为：The Qixi Festival originates from an ancient Chinese mythological tale。
使用“originates from”来表达“源于……”，“mythological tale”对应“神话传说”。
神话故事的描述
“讲述了牛郎和织女这对被银河分隔的恋人，每年只能在这一天通过鹊桥相会一次”
翻译为：about the lovers, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, who are separated by the Milky Way and can only meet once a year on this day by crossing the magpie bridge。
使用“about...”来引出故事内容，“separated by the Milky Way”对应“被银河分隔”，“meet once a year”说明相会的频率，“crossing the magpie bridge”对应“通过鹊桥相会”。
节日习俗的描述
“七夕节是中国的情人节，情侣们会在这一天互赠礼物，表达爱意”
翻译为：The Qixi Festival is considered China's Valentine's Day, where couples exchange gifts and express their love for each other。
使用“is considered...”来表达“被认为是……”，“exchange gifts and express their love”对应“互赠礼物，表达爱意”。
“此外，七夕节还有穿针乞巧、拜织女等传统习俗”
翻译为：In addition to gift-giving, the festival also includes traditional customs such as the needle-threading competition and worshipping the Weaver Girl。
使用“in addition to”来表达“除了……之外”，“includes... such as...”列举具体习俗。
“穿针乞巧是一种古老的女性活动，她们通过穿针引线来祈求巧手和智慧”
翻译为：The needle-threading competition is an ancient activity for women, who pray for skillful hands and wisdom by threading needles。
使用“an ancient activity for women”来表达“古老的女性活动”，“pray for... by threading needles”说明祈求的方式。
“拜织女则是希望从织女那里获得纺织和刺绣的技艺”
翻译为：Worshipping the Weaver Girl is a practice to seek skills in weaving and embroidery from her。
使用“a practice to seek...”来表达“希望获得……”，“skills in weaving and embroidery”对应“纺织和刺绣的技艺”。
节日意义的描述
“七夕节不仅是一个浪漫的节日，也是一个传承中国传统文化的重要节日”
翻译为：The Qixi Festival is not only a romantic festival but also an important occasion for the continuation of Chinese traditional culture。
使用“not only... but also...”结构来表达“不仅……而且……”，“an important occasion for...”对应“重要的……场合”。
 
翻译技巧
使用被动语态
在描述节日的起源和习俗时，使用被动语态（如“originates from”“is considered”），使句子更加客观。
列举法
使用“such as...”来列举传统习俗，使句子更加简洁明了。
定语从句的运用
在描述牛郎织女的故事时，使用定语从句“who are separated by the Milky Way...”来进一步说明人物关系。
固定搭配
使用“also known as”“originates from”“is considered”“exchange gifts”“pray for”“seek skills in”等固定搭配，使翻译更加地道。