一、原因状语从句与结果状语从句的定义
原因状语从句和结果状语从句都是复合句中的从句类型,但它们的功能和表达的逻辑关系完全不同。
原因状语从句
定义:说明主句动作发生的原因或理由。
常见连接词:because, since, as, for, owing to, due to, thanks to 等。
结果状语从句
定义:说明主句动作导致的结果或后果。
常见连接词:so...that, such...that, so that, with the result that, as a result 等。
二、原因状语从句与结果状语从句的连接词
1. 原因状语从句的连接词
because:表示“因为”,语气较强,用于直接说明原因。
例句:He didn't come to the party because he was ill.(他没来参加派对是因为他生病了。)
since:表示“既然”,语气较弱,用于说明已知的原因。
例句:Since you are free today, let's go to the park.(既然你今天有空,我们去公园吧。)
as:表示“因为”,语气适中,用于说明较为明显的原因。
例句:As it was raining, we stayed at home.(因为下雨,我们待在家里。)
for:表示“因为”,语气较弱,常用于补充说明原因。
例句:He must be very tired, for he stayed up late last night.(他一定很累,因为他昨晚熬夜了。)
owing to / due to / thanks to:表示“由于”,常用于句首或句中。
例句:Owing to the bad weather, the match was canceled.(由于天气恶劣,比赛被取消了。)
2. 结果状语从句的连接词
so...that:表示“如此……以至于……”,用于说明结果。
例句:He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(他如此疲惫,以至于立刻睡着了。)
such...that:表示“如此……以至于……”,用于说明结果。
例句:It was such a beautiful day that we decided to go for a picnic.(天气如此美好,以至于我们决定去野餐。)
so that:表示“以便……”,用于说明目的(较少用于结果)。
例句:He worked hard so that he could pass the exam.(他努力学习,以便通过考试。)
with the result that:表示“结果是……”,用于说明结果。
例句:He drove too fast with the result that he had an accident.(他开车太快,结果出了事故。)
as a result:表示“结果是……”,用于说明结果。
例句:He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.(他没有努力学习,结果考试不及格。)
三、原因状语从句与结果状语从句的区别
逻辑关系
原因状语从句:解释主句动作发生的原因。
结果状语从句:说明主句动作导致的结果。
连接词的使用
原因状语从句:常用 because, since, as, for 等。
结果状语从句:常用 so...that, such...that, with the result that 等。
位置
原因状语从句:可以放在主句之前或之后。
结果状语从句:通常放在主句之后。
四、原因状语从句与结果状语从句的练习
He didn't come to the party ________ he was ill.
A. because
B. so that
C. with the result that
D. as a result
答案:A(表示原因,用 because。)
He was so tired ________ he fell asleep immediately.
A. because
B. so that
C. with the result that
D. as a result
答案:C(表示结果,用 with the result that。)
Since you are free today, ________ let's go to the park.
A. because
B. so that
C. with the result that
D. let's
答案:D(表示原因,用 since 引导的从句。)
It was such a beautiful day ________ we decided to go for a picnic.
A. because
B. so that
C. with the result that
D. as a result
答案:C(表示结果,用 such...that。)
He drove too fast ________ he had an accident.
A. because
B. so that
C. with the result that
D. as a result
答案:C(表示结果,用 with the result that。)
五、总结
原因状语从句和结果状语从句是复合句中常用的从句类型,分别用于说明主句动作的原因和结果。掌握它们的连接词及其用法,可以帮助你更清晰地表达因果关系。同时,注意区分原因状语从句和结果状语从句的逻辑关系和连接词的使用。希望这篇文章能帮助你更好地理解和运用这两种从句。