2026 年四六级翻译高频话题：中国传统文化词汇表整理​
在四六级翻译题型中，中国传统文化是常年高频考点，涵盖节日习俗、艺术瑰宝、历史遗产、经典著作、传统思想等多个维度。以下词汇表精选考试核心表达，按主题分类整理，所有译法均参考官方真题答案及权威英语平台规范，助力考生高效积累、精准输出。​
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一、传统节日与习俗类​
春节：Spring Festival​
元宵节：Lantern Festival​
清明节：Qingming Festival / Tomb Sweeping Day​
端午节：Dragon-Boat Festival​
中秋节：Mid-Autumn Festival​
重阳节：Double Ninth Festival​
七夕节：Chinese Valentine's Day​
腊八节：Laba Rice Porridge Festival​
除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve / Eve of the Spring Festival​
春联：spring couplets​
压岁钱：New Year gift-money​
团圆饭：family reunion dinner​
年夜饭：the dinner on New Year's Eve​
守岁：staying-up (on New Year's Eve)​
拜年：pay New Year's call​
春运：the Spring Festival travel rush​
祭祖宗：offer sacrifices to one's ancestors​
扫房：spring cleaning /general house-cleaning​
舞龙：dragon dance​
舞狮：lion dance​
花灯：festival lantern​
灯谜：lantern riddle​
鞭炮：firecracker​
年画：traditional New Year pictures​
粽子：rice dumpling​
月饼：moon cake​
元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings​
年糕：rice cake / New Year cake​
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二、传统艺术与工艺类​
书法：calligraphy​
国画：Chinese painting​
水墨画：ink and wash painting​
工笔画：traditional Chinese realistic painting​
刺绣：embroidery​
剪纸：paper cutting /paper-cut​
中国结：Chinese knot (knotting)​
京剧：Beijing Opera / Peking Opera​
昆曲：Kunqu Opera​
秦腔：Qin Opera​
黄梅戏：Huangmei Opera​
越剧：Yue Opera​
皮影戏：shadow play /leather-silhouette show​
木偶戏：puppet show​
相声：cross-talk /comic dialogue​
杂技：acrobatic performance​
武术：Chinese Martial Arts /wushu​
功夫：kung fu​
太极拳：tai chi​
古筝：Chinese zither​
二胡：urheen /erhu​
文房四宝：Four Treasures of the Study (brush, inkstick, paper, inkstone)​
宣纸：rice paper​
印章：seal /stamp​
唐三彩：Tang tri-colored pottery​
云锦：Nanjing brocade​
瓷器：porcelain​
旗袍：cheongsam​
唐装：Tang suit​
中山装：Chinese tunic suit​
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三、历史遗产与建筑类​
长城：the Great Wall​
故宫：the Forbidden City / Palace Museum​
颐和园：the Summer Palace​
天坛：Altar of Heaven (in Beijing)​
秦始皇陵：The Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Tomb​
兵马俑：Terracotta Army / Terra-cotta Warriors​
敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves​
四合院：Siheyuan / Quadrangle​
牌楼：pailou (archway)​
亭 / 阁：pavilion /attic​
夫子庙：Confucian Temple​
国子监：Imperial Academy​
天安门广场：Tian’anmen Square​
人民英雄纪念碑：The Monument to the People’s Heroes​
西湖：West Lake​
秦淮河：Qinhuai River​
黄土高原：Loess Plateau​
历史文化遗产：historical and cultural heritage​
世界文化遗产：World Cultural Heritage​
文物：cultural relics​
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四、经典著作与思想类​
《论语》：Analects of Confucius​
《孟子》：The Mencius​
《诗经》：The Book of Songs / The Book of Odes​
《史记》：Historical Records / Records of the Grand Historian​
《红楼梦》：A Dream of Red Mansions / The Story of the Stone​
《西游记》：Journey to the West / Pilgrimage to the West​
《三国演义》：The Romance of the Three Kingdoms​
《水浒传》：Water Margin / Outlaws of the Marsh​
《孙子兵法》：The Art of War​
《三字经》：The Three-Character Classics​
《本草纲目》：Compendium of Materia Medica​
儒家文化：Confucian Culture​
五行：five elements (metal, wood, water, fire, earth)​
中庸：the Golden Mean /the way of medium​
仁：benevolence /righteousness​
义：righteousness​
礼：propriety​
智：wisdom​
信：fidelity​
三纲五常：three cardinal guides and five constant virtues​
风水：Fengshui /geomantic omen​
炎黄子孙：Chinese descent​
象形文字：pictograms /pictographic characters​
甲骨文：oracle bone inscription​
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五、传统饮食与特产类​
火锅：hot pot​
北京烤鸭：Beijing roast duck​
麻婆豆腐：Mapo Tofu​
宫保鸡丁：Kung Pao Chicken​
饺子：dumpling​
馄饨：wonton​
春卷：spring roll​
小笼包：steamed bun​
八宝饭：eight-treasure rice pudding​
冰糖葫芦：a stick of sugar-coated haws​
豆腐：tofu /bean curd​
豆腐脑：jellied bean curd​
羊肉泡馍：pita bread soaked in lamb soup​
盐水鸭：salted and baked duck​
东坡肉：Dongpo pork​
粉丝：glass noodle​
莲藕：lotus root​
雄黄酒：realgar wine​
茶叶：tea leaves​
丝绸：silk​
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六、核心文化概念与工具类​
四大发明：the Four Great Inventions​
造纸术：papermaking​
火药：gunpowder​
指南针：compass​
印刷术：printing​
丝绸之路：Silk Road​
针灸：acupuncture​
孝顺：filial piety /to show filial obedience​
团圆：reunion​
吉祥：auspicious​
禁忌：taboo​
民间艺术：folk art​
文化交流：cultural exchange​
发源地：birthplace​
象征：symbol​
继承：inherit​
发扬：carry forward /promote​
追溯到：date back to​
由…… 组成：consist of /comprise of​
独特的：unique​
传统的：traditional​
著名的：renowned /famous​
杰作：masterpiece​
文明：civilization​
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备考使用建议​
优先记忆标注高频考点的词汇（如四大发明、传统节日、经典著作），结合真题例句理解用法；​
同类词汇对比记忆（如不同戏曲、节日名称），避免混淆；​
翻译时优先使用规范译法，避免自创表达（如 “指南针” 不可译为 GPS，“火药” 不可译为 TNT）；​
结合词汇构建句子框架，例如：“丝绸之路可追溯到汉代，是中西方文化交流的重要桥梁”（The Silk Road dates back to the Han Dynasty and is an important bridge for cultural exchange between China and the West）。