首页>英语>英语学习>高中英语>

高考英语一轮复习:高中英语从句大全汇总

互联网2019-07-19 15:48

  判断关系代词与关系副词

  方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:

  This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

  I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

  方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

  例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

  A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

  例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

  A. where  B. that  C. on which  D. the one

  答案:例1 D,例2 A

  例1变为肯定句:

  This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

  例2变为肯定句:

  This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

  在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。

  而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。

  关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

  主将从现是一种出现在状语从句中的语法现象,多指在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,当主句是一般将来时态,则从句要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。

  因为主将从现出现在状语从句中,在这里我们就以状语从句的几个类别为根据来列举主将从现的标志性词语。

  时间状语从句

  when, whenever, since, till, once, as soon as, while, as, before, after

  如:I will be a math teacher when I grow up.

  if, unless, as(so)long as

  如:If I have extra money, I will pay the bill for you.

  原因状语从句

  because, since, as, for, now that

  如:The tutor will leave here now that you have no problems.

  让步状语从句

  though, although, even if, even though, however

  如:Though you have advantages in this match, I will not give up.

  目的状语从句

  in order that, so that, that

  如:In order that Lily can get the prize, we will have a planin detail.

  在条件状语从句中,如果主语是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时。

  一个句子的中心意思体现在主句中,所以判断是否使用主将从现首先要做的是区分主从句。当找到主句,分析其时态为一般将来时或借助某些结构表达将来含义时,则从句使用一般现在时态。

  1.用“连词+分词”来替代从句

  当主句和从句的主语一致,谓语的时态又是同时段发生,可以把从句的主语省去,变谓语动词为现在分词或过去分词。如果分词的逻辑或时间意义不明确,还可以保留连词。

  Guests mingle while enjoying cake, punch and other treats.

  客人们一边吃蛋糕、喝饮料以及享用其它的食品,一边却在一起聊天。

  While speaking out against Hitler’s atrocities, the American people generally favored isolationist policies and neutrality.

  虽然美国人谴责希特勒的暴行,但是他们却一惯奉行孤立政策和中立态度。

  Plastics are materials which are softened by heat and set into lasting form when shaped in a mold.

  注:如果从句的谓语是系动词be,在简化句型时应该把be动词改成being,但是由于being语义意义,所以可以省略,这样就造成了形容词作状语了。

  These apples, when ripe, are picked.

  这些苹果一旦熟了就要被摘下来。

  She knows all the hazards of smoking while pregnant.

  她知道怀孕时吸烟的一切危害性。

  2. 用“介词+分词”来替代从句

  一般说来,用on和at表示“as soon as, once”。on后面常接“来、去”之类的词,at后面常接“听到、看到”之类的词。in后面接其他带动作的词,相对于从属连词“while”。

  On removing them he was stunned to see that the plates were fogged where the crystals had covered them.

  当他把晶体揭开时,发现盘子上方雾蒙蒙,他吃了一惊。

  In running down the stairs, I heard the clock struck twelve.

  我在跑下楼的时候,听见钟敲了十二下。

  He jumped with joy at hearing the news.

  他一听到这个消息就高兴得跳了起来。

相关推荐

首页 考研 四六级 留学 托福 雅思 GRE GMAT SAT ACT 英语