高考英语一轮复习:高中英语从句大全汇总
互联网2019-07-19 15:48
(二)宾语从句(object clause)
在主句中作谓语动词、介词及非谓语动词的宾语的主谓结构称之为宾语从句。
在引导宾语从句时,从属连词that在口语中和非正式文本中常省略。
(1)动词后的宾语从句
We know that a parrot can’t really speak.我们知道鹦鹉不会真的说话。
He wants to tell us what he thinks.他想告诉我们他所想的事情。
Knowing that it was going to rain, they decided to work inside the house.
知道要下雨了,于是他们决定在室内工作。(现在分词knowing的宾语从句)
I want to know whether/if you still work in the factory.
我想知道你是否还在工厂工作。(不定式to know的宾语从句)
The club will give whoever wins a prize. 获胜者俱乐部将颁奖。
Up to now we can’t say whether his theory can stand the test.
到目前为止我们还不能说他的理论是否经得住考验。
(2)形容词的宾语从句
有些形容词可以用that引导宾语从句,表示说话人对某一事物的态度并带有感情色彩。常见的这类形容词有:
afraid, amazed, astonished, aware, certain, confident, delighted, glad, grateful, happy, proud, sad, sorry, sure, surprised等。
I am glad that you have come. 你来了,我真高兴。
I am afraid that you are wrong on this point.恐怕你在这点上是错误的。
He is quite confident that he will pass the examination.他很有信心通过这个考试。
(三)表语从句(predicative clause)
在主句中担当表语的主谓结构称之为表语从句。
One idea is that fish is the best brain food.有一种看法认为鱼是最好的补脑食品。
The problem is where we can hold our meeting.问题是我们可以在哪儿举行会议。
My question is how information is stored in the long-term memory.我的问题是信息是怎样储存在长期记忆中的。
That is what he really wants.那就是他真想要的东西。
It seems that everything goes smoothly.似乎一切都进行得很顺利。
(四)同位语从句
同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步说明,一般用连词that引导,由于先行名词的意义不同,也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引导。
fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有时由于谓语较短,将同位语从句位于谓语之后。如:
She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.
I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.
The news came that their team had won the championship.
1.that 引导主语从句时,that 没有意义,但不能省略。
It worried her a bit that her hair was turning gray.她的头发正在变白,这使她很不安。
that引导主语从句,it作形式主语,that不能省略。
That she is a rich woman is known to us all. 众所周知,她是个富有的女人。这是that 引导主语从句,that 不能省略。
这句话可以改为用it 作形式主语的句型。
2.从句作主语时,多数情况下由 it 作形式主语,而把主语从句放在后面,尤其是谓语部分(包括宾语)较短的情况下。
例
①It wasn’t very clear what she meant. 不清楚她是什么意思。
②It is important that he should come on time. 他按时来是很重要的。
③It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here. 左边那个人是本地的一位著名作家,这是真的。这里,第一个that 引导主语从句,是单纯的连词,无词义,不作句子成分。第二个that 是指示代词,作句子成分,是man 的定语。
3.whether 既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句,但if不能引导主语从句。whether 后面可以加or not, 而if 不能与or not 连用。作介词宾语时不用if.如:
①Whether I knew John doesn’t matter. = It doesn’t matter whether I knew John. 我是否认识约翰没有关系。
②Whether or not she’ll come isn’t clear. = Whether she’ll come or not isn’t clear. = It isn’t clear whether …. 她是否来还不清楚。
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