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2015春高级口译笔试真题及解析:汉译英

新东方网整理2015-03-16 10:21上海新东方张曦

  汉译英原文

  当前,世界更加看好中国,不少外国人羡慕中国人的好日子。诸多欧美学者认为,西方骄傲自大的“中心主义”蒙蔽了其心智,面对中国的成功,西方应及时反思和学习。在别人认同“中国经济前景光明论”时,我们自己不能唱衰自己,误判断世界发展大势和我国处境,低估自身发展潜力,妄自菲薄,丧失信心。

  当然,我们也要有忧患意识,居安思危,要看到各种风险和挑战,不能高枕无忧、无所作为。多数机遇都不是不争自来的,机遇需要我们自己去创造和把握。只要我们继续走自己的路,谦虚谨慎,开拓进取,攻坚克难,不断加强和发展自身的优势,我们的日子就会越过越好。

  参考译文

  Nowadays,the world is increasingly optimistic about the future of China and many foreigners even envy the Chinese for their well-being. Many European and American scholars argue that the west’s arrogant self-centralism has overshadowed its intellect and the western world should have timely reflectionon China’s success and learn from it. While others sympathize with the bright prospect of Chinese economy, we shouldn’t despise ourselves nor misjudges the developing trends of the world or our own circumstances, underestimating our potential for development and belittling ourselves to the loss of confidence.

  Of course, we should be aware of the difficulties and hardships even in good times of stability and prosperity to foresee the risks and challenges ahead insteadof resting easy into inaction. Though many opportunities come without scramble,we should strive to create and seize them by ourselves. As long as we forge ahead in the modest and enterprising spirit, conquering difficulties and strengthening our own edges along the way, we are bound to live in greater prosperity.

  教师解析

  一、动中取静

  2015年高口的汉译英部分四字短语一如既往地多,小句多,动词量大,要成为地道的英语,需要考生做一些转换。

  英语是静态的语言,汉语是动态的语言,相对而言,汉语动词量较大,英语的名词和介词的量较大,在汉译英时,一旦出现汉语动词叠出的情况,需要通过转译使译文符合英语的表达习惯,达到地道的效果。

  例1: 在别人认同“中国经济前景光明论”时,我们自己不能唱衰自己,误判断世界发展大势和我国处境,低估自身发展潜力,妄自菲薄,丧失信心。

  参考译文:While others sympathize with the bright prospect of Chinese economy, we shouldn’t despise ourselves nor misjudges the developing trends of the world or our own circumstances, underestimating our potential for development and belittling ourselves to the loss of confidence.

  解析:本句中每个小句都是动词短语,如“唱衰自己”(belittle ourselves),误判断世界发展大势和我国处境(misjudge the trends of the world and our own circumstances),低估自身发展潜力(underestimate our potential for development),妄自菲薄(belittle ourselves),丧失信心(lose confidence),如果这么多动词短语叠用在英语句子中,效果不好,可以适当采用分词短语,并将lose confidence转译为名词短语the loss of confidence,表达得才较为地道。

  例2:当然,我们也要有忧患意识,居安思危,要看到各种风险和挑战,不能高枕无忧、无所作为。

  参考译文:Of course, we should be aware of the difficulties and hardships even in good times of stability and prosperity to foresee the risks and challenges instead of resting easy into inaction.

  解析:本句中的动词短语过多,居安思危(think of adversity in prosperity),高枕无忧(rest easy),无所作为(attempt and accomplish nothing)等,如果能够把无所作为译为名词inaction,译文就更为简洁明了。

  二、俗中求雅

  2015年高口汉译英部分总体难度不算高,但对于行文较为简单比较口语化的文章,如何不让简单流于大俗,需要考生在翻译时动一些脑筋。

  我的建议是,这样的文章,在翻译时多采用具体词。例如,汉语中简简单单一个“好”字,可以表达无数不同的含义,英译汉中,为了避免语言过于口语化,往往需要将简单的词语具体化,如good wife是“贤良的妻子”,good Christian是“虔诚的教徒”,good parents是“慈爱的父母”等。那么,针对汉语中比较简单口语化的词语,要在译文中显得雅致,也需要一些具体词。

  例1:当前,世界更加看好中国,不少外国人羡慕中国人的好日子。

  参考译文:Nowadays, the world is increasingly optimistic about the future of China and many foreigners envy the Chinese for their well-being.

  解析:本句中出现两个“好”,一个是“看好”,一个是“好日子”,那么根据不同的搭配,我们可以采用不同的具体词,如“看好”就是“持有乐观的态度”,可以译为optimistic,“好日子”包含了“幸福、安康”的意味,可以处理为well-being。

  例2:只要我们继续走自己的路,谦虚谨慎,开拓进取,攻坚克难,不断加强和发展自身的优势,我们的日子就会越过越好

  参考译文:As long as we forge aheadin the modest and enterprising spirit, conquering difficulties and strengthening our own edges along the way, we are bound to live in greater prosperity.

  解析:“走自己的路”最为简单的译文是walk in our own way,但表达效果不够好,如果采用具体词组forge ahead,译文就上了一个档次,显得高大上。“日子越过越好”最简单的译文是live a better life,如果把词语具体化,译为live in greater prosperity,译文就会雅了许多。

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