高级口译英译中参考译文

      Often mistaken, never in doubt.” That wry phrase describes us all more than we'd like to admit. The psychological study of misconceptions shows that all of us possess many beliefs that are flawed or flat-out wrong---and also that we cling to these fallacies with remarkable tenacity. As a result, just hearing the correct explanation isn't enough. Most methods of instruction and training assume that if you provide people with the right information, it will replace any mistaken information listeners may already possess. But especially when our previous beliefs(even though faulty) have proved useful to us, and when they appear to be confirmed by everyday experience, we are reluctant to let them go.

　　“经常出错，却从不质疑”。这句俗话说的是我们都不愿承认的一件事。心理学家对人类的错误观念做了研究，结果发现，尽管人类对很多事物的认知或多或少存在缺陷，有些甚至是完全错误的，但对于这些错误，人类通常却固执己见。结果是，仅听正确概念的解释是不够的。多数指导和培训理论认为，如果给人类灌输正确的观念，这将取代他们原有的错误。但只要我们原有的观念(哪怕是错误的)对我们有帮助，尤其是那些通过日常经验所得，我们并不愿意放手。

　　Donna Alvermann, a language and literacy researcher at the University of Georgia, notes that in study after study, "students ignored correct textual information when it conflicted with their previously held concepts. On measures of free recall and recognition, the students consistently let their incorrect prior knowledge override incoming correct information." It's what our mothers called "in one ear and out the other." We have to actively disabuse ourselves or others of erroneous conceptions, and research from cognitive science and psychology points the way. Although much of this research concerns misguided notions of how the physical world works, the techniques it has produced can be used to correct any sort of deficient understanding.

　　乔治亚大学的语言和识字研究学者Donna Alvermann指出，一次次的研究调查发现，“对于正确的文字信息，学生通常视而不见，因为这些信息和他们原有的观点有冲突。记忆和认知调查显示，学生始终如一地坚持原有的观点”。这就是妈妈们经常唠叨的“一个耳朵进一个耳朵出”。很多研究人类认知科学的心理调查证实了一个观点，即我们不得不经常去说服自己和他人的错误观点。该项目研究的是人类对物质世界的认知错误，而作为研究产物的一些方法可被用来如何纠正人类的认知方面的错误。

　　作者简介：沈祎新东方(上海)学校口译研究中心成员，中级口译口语口译明星教师。10多年的一线教学，沈老师积累了丰富的教学经验。目前他主要教授的课程有：《中高级口译》项目口译口语课程，以及《倍学口语》项目，商务英语课程。2012年，沈祎老师被评为新东方(上海)金牌讲师称号。

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（编辑：何莹莹）