15. The "paradox" mentioned in lines 21 and 26 refers to 指代题

　　(A) an abstract painter's convincing depiction of a scientific phenomenon

　　(B) an artist's use of photography to challenge the concept of reality

　　(C) Magritte's use of science to convey artistic creativity

　　(D) Magritte's careful representation of an obscure object

　　(E) Magritte's simultaneous portrayal of a real and a created world within a painting

　　分析：定位句字面意思可选择E.

　　16. The sentence "That much is true but trivial" (line 32) specifically refers to which idea? 指代题

　　(A) Many modern paintings deny convention.

　　(B) Paintings are open to multiple interpretations.

　　(C) Realistic paintings portray actual objects.

　　(D) A painting of an object is not the object itself.

　　(E) An artist cannot possibly represent an object exactly.

　　分析：定位句后文表达The point is to challenge the belief that everything outside the frame is real.画幅的目的是想表明，在理念框架以外的理念也会是真实的。

　　The enemy of artists like Magritte is naive realism— the dogged assumption that the human sensory apparatus accurately records the one and only real world, of which the human brain can make but one accurate model. The truth, of course, is that nobody can grasp reality whole, that each person's universe is to some extent unique, and that this circumstance makes it impossible for us to prove that there is but one true reality.

　　If modern artists have labored to call attention to the fact that our understanding of reality is limited and variegated, so too have modern scientists. Many people are surprised to hear this. They think of science as a collection of hard facts mined from bedrock reality, through a process as uncreative as coin collecting. The scientists, however, have come to know better. Astronomers understand that each act of observation—photographing a galaxy, taking an ultraviolet spectrum of an exploding star—extracts but a small piece of the whole, and that amontage of many such images is still only a representation, a painting if you will. The quantum physicists go further: they appreciate that the answers they obtain through experiment depend significantly on the questions they ask, so that an electron, asked if it is a particle or a wave, will answer "Yes" to both questions. Neuroscientists have learned that the brain is no monolith, either. Each of us harbors many intelligences, and insofar as my various minds take varying views of reality—in terms, say, of spatial relationships versus language, or of sentimental versus rational education— I can no more legitimately impose a single model on myself than I can expect to impose it on others.